Medical doctors are responsible for leading the care of patients. They are arguably the most valuable assets of healthcare organisations. They are needed in their right quantities to improve health outcomes particularly during the outbreak of pandemics, such as Covid-19. This study examined the mediating role of job satisfaction in the connection between psychological contract breach and organisational citizenship behaviour among medical doctors across 26 healthcare units in the Upper East and Upper West Regions of Ghana. 214 medical doctors participated in the study. A self-administered questionnaire process was adopted. The questionnaire was pre-tested prior to the main survey. The data collected from the main survey were subjected to Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy, Bartlett"s test of sphericity, reliability, and validity tests. Control variables were sex (GEN1), age (GEN2), employment type (GEN3) and tenure (GEN4). Partial least square structural equation modelling was employed with the aid of Smart PLS 3.0M.3. As expected, job satisfaction partially mediated the connection between psychological contract breach and organisational citizenship behaviour among medical doctors working in the Upper East and Upper West Regions of Ghana. The study therefore established that job satisfaction reduces the effect of a psychological contract breach on the medical doctors" tendency to be bad organisational citizens. The study therefore recommends managers of Ghana Health Service to consider improving the level of job satisfaction among medical doctors working in the Upper East and Upper West Regions of Ghana, such as improving upon their welfare needs and providing safe working environment so as to propel them to be better organisational citizens.

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the direct effect of job commitment (JCT) on student retention (REN), exploring the mediating roles of total quality management (TQM) and information communication technology adoption (ADT), and moderating roles of toxic leadership (TLE) and job demands (JDD).Design/methodology/approachThe paper develops a conceptual framework along with postulations by integrating both empirical and theoretical literature in the fields of employee well-being, strategic management, information communication technology, leadership, as well as work and occupational psychology.FindingsThis paper proposes that JCT will be positively related to REN, and this positive relationship will be mediated by TQM and ADT. Additionally, TLE and JDD will moderate the direct positive effect of JCT on REN.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper provides implications for both researchers and practitioners in the areas of strategic decision-making in educational institutions and behaviour management for enhancing REN by applying JCT, TQM and ADT as strategic tools, while keeping TLE and JDD under control. It also offers implications for upcoming researchers to empirically test this conceptual framework in different educational settings.Practical implicationsBy boosting employees JCT, educational institutions stand the chance of improving REN via TQM and ADT. Additionally, JCT can foster REN under a working environment where TLE and JDD are kept low.Originality/valueThe paper offers unique insights into how TQM and ADT connect JCT to REN, and how JCT relates to REN under varied levels of TLE and JDD. It also highlights the theoretical contributions of the resource-based theory of a firm, affective events theory and activation theory.

PurposeThis study finds out if a satisfied physician will show citizenship behaviour (OCB) in a work environment where psychological contract breach (PCB) exist.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative data from 214 physicians across 26 health-care units were analysed. Research philosophy was positivism, research design was explanatory and study design was cross-sectional. Preliminary tests were conducted. Reflective measurement and structural models were examined. PLS algorithm tool and bootstrapping procedure were utilised. Control variables were sex, age, employment type and tenure. A significant level was set at 5%. Smart PLS 2.0M.3 software was employed.FindingsThe scientist found support for a significant moderating effect of PCB on the nexus between job satisfaction (JST) and OCB, such that PCB demoralised a satisfied physician in showing OCB. In contrast, a fulfilled psychological contract motivated satisfied physicians to exhibit OCB.Practical implicationsPCB, if not addressed, may lead satisfied physicians to show low OCB, which has devastating effects for health-care organisations and their patients. Creating balanced, fulfilled and harmonious relationship within physicians will transform the workplace into a more meaningful and purposeful atmosphere.Originality/valueThis study offers empirical health-care literature on the moderating effect of PCB, a psychosocial stressor, on the direct relationship between JST and OCB, integrating and lengthening the social exchange theory, resource-based theory and activation theory.

Purpose This paper aims to assess the tie-in between psychological contract breach (PCB) and job satisfaction (JST) amongst medical doctors (MDs) working in two stress-prone regions of Ghana, and further analyses the moderating effect of openness to experience (OPE) on this tie-in. Design/methodology/approach Responses from 214 MDs were analysed. Questionnaires were self-administered. Research philosophy was positivism, research approach was quantitative, research design was explanatory and study design was cross-sectional. Test of normality, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy and Bartlett’s test of sphericity were applied. Both reflective measurement and structural models were assessed. Path coefficients were analysed using partial least squares (PLS) algorithm tool and moderation effect was conducted using the product indicator approach. Control variables were sex (GEN1), age (GEN2), employment type (GEN3) and tenure (GEN1). A significant level was set at 5%. Smart PLS 2.0 M.3 software was used. Findings The analysts found support for a significant moderating effect of OPE on the tie between PCB and JST, such that the consequences of PCB on JST was minimised for MDs who scored high on OPE trait. Practical implications PCB, if not addressed, may lead MDs to be less satisfied with their jobs. In stress-prone health zones where PCB exists, MDs who are inspired, creative, self-sufficient, experimenting and visionary are more likely to be satisfied with their job. Originality/value This study offers health-care literature on the moderating role of OPE personality dimension on the bond between PCB and JST, using PLS-structural equations modelling, which is a superior and robust analytical tool.

This paper finds out if a committed physician will go the extra mile for his/her employer when faced with psychological contract breach (PCB), a psychosocial stressor. Data from 214 physicians across 26 health-care units in the Upper East (UE) and Upper West (UW) regions of Ghana were analysed. A semi-structured, pre-tested and validated questionnaire was utilised. Research philosophy was positivism, research approach was quantitative, research design was explanatory, and study design was cross-sectional. Preliminary tests were conducted. Both reflective measurement and structural models were examined. PLS algorithm tool and bootstrapping procedure were used. Control variables were sex, age, employment type and tenure. A significant level was set at 5%. Smart PLS and IBM SPSS software were employed. In the end, physician’s commitment work (JCM) positively and significantly predicted extra-role behaviour (ETB). Also, PCB significantly interacted with JCM to predict ETB, such that the relationship between JCT and ETB was stronger when PCB was low than when it was high. Creating a balanced, fulfilled and harmonious hospital–physician relationship will transform the workplace into a less stressful, more meaningful and purposeful atmosphere for the benefit other health-care professionals, patients and the health-care organisation at large.