This study explains the social, economic, geographical and political imprints of an imposed war as a result of an unfortunate incident known to the world as 9/11.The study specifically unveils the traumatic effects of the identity that the West has related to symbolising Muslims and Islam. The purpose of the study is to bring under discussion the opinionated and judgmental approach of Western nations/media towards Islam and Muslims. The study purposes to frame a scheme against violence non-violently by highlighting the sense of hatred that has developed as a result of misapprehension between Islam and other nationalities. The basic purpose of the study is to clarify the image of Islam to the world that the ugliness of 9/11 has affected not only the West, as they picture it, rather Muslims specifically and other religions, The Sikhs for instance, have also faced the adverse circumstances because of an imposed 9/11 war.

The current study examines the historical and social elements of 14th century England, through Geoffrey Chaucer’s poem, Prologue to theCanterbury Tales. the study also unfolds the analogy of the current situation of developing countries with Chaucer's era. The research is carried out, using the lens of New Historicism as a framework. New Historicism is a postmodern critical theory presented by Stephen Greenblatt (1943). The purposive sampling technique is used to proceed with the study because the research is descriptive in nature. Geoffrey Chaucer is considered as a father of the art of characterization. He placed his characters in the prologue from almost every walk of life, the characters reflect the historical and cultural background of 14th-century England. The history of Medieval England is traced down by analyzing the writings of Chaucer. Chaucer picked coomon characters from various fields to give an accurate picture of 14th-century England.

The current study examines Antonio Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony in Pakistani media. The study argues that Gramsci’s theory of Cultural Hegemony is not limited to Italian or Western societies, but it has great relevance with Asian societies as well. Gramsci exposes the manipulation and exploitation of the working class, hegemonic forces use various sources such as media, money and politics. The study aims to investigate a theory of cultural hegemony presented in Gramsci’s Prison Notebooks 1947 in Pakistani Media, cultural hegemony is used in the study as a theoretical framework. Media in Pakistan is used tactfully, to propagate the norms and culture of the status quo in Pakistan. The working class is in majority and their representation doesn't come into sight in almost all media forums. Pakistani status quo, including business tycoons, politicians, and other ruling elites collaboratively sustain the existing social and political mechanism in order to keep their supremacy lasting.

In the colonial era, the oppressed were labeled with different names by the oppressor and mostly, their identity was snatched. Their liberty was diminished, they were, criticized, and they were put under different barriers including language, culture, religion, and many others. And most of the people were manipulated. The present study tries to explore the postcolonial issues in modern novel Exit West. The present research uses textual analysis as a method of data analysis. For this purpose, selected passages have been analyzed for finding the postcolonial issues. In this study, post-colonialism has been used as a general framework. Different postcolonial writers include Bhabha’s (1994) mimicry, ambivalence, and Hybridity, and Edward Said’s (1995) stereotyping, otherness, and representation, which have been used. These issues are the issues of the countries once controlled by the oppressors that compel the protagonists to suffer.

This particular study aims to interpret and analyze The Fault in our Stars by John Green, to find out certain existential elements like Dasein, Dread and Death. “Dasein” as Joseph Childers (1995) mentions that “Dasein for Heidegger is a way of being involved with and caring for the immediate world in which one lives”, (p 70), “Dread” which for Kierkegaard that anxiety is a way for humanity to be saved as well, and “Death” as mentioned by Jrank “For Sartre at the point of death the person does not have a past, as he or she is now dead and cannot continue to write in the log of the present, rather, a person then becomes his or her past. While conducting this particular study a qualitative textual analysis technique has been used as method.