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Summary:Eighteen samples of over-based sulfurized calcium phenates containing from about 150 to 1,000% of the theoretical amount of calcium were prepared from p-octylphenol, calcium oxide, elemental sulfur, ethylene glycol, carbon dioxide, lauryl alcohol and oil used as starting materials, and their structure, composition and physical properties were studied.From the ebullioscopic results, the active ingredients of these over-based phenates proved to be amphipathic substances having a polymer structure. Based on the material balance, it was revealed that these ingredients consisted of four ligand components (p-octylphenol, sulfur, ethylene glycol and carbon dioxide) and calcium, and there existed among their components continuous quantitative relationships, e. g. a decrease, in a hyperbolic manner, in the molar ratio of the total ligands to calcium in the products with an increase in the blending-molar ratio of calcium to poctylphenol.In conclusion, these over-based phenates seem to be oil solutions of mixed homologs of an amphipathic coordination-condensation polymer homologous series.

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