A plant of Artemisia annua containing high amounts of artemisinic acid (0.8%) was isolated. the combined concentration of the sesquiterpene artemisinin, and its intermediates artemisinic acid and artemisinin-b in this plant was 1.35%. the plant has been cloned by micropropagation in tissue culture.

The linear stability of a suspension of phototactic algae is investigated numerically with particular emphasis on the effects of angle of incidence of the illuminating oblique collimated irradiation. The solutions show a transition of the most unstable mode from stationary to overstable state or vice versa for certain parameters at the variation in angle of incidence. Furthermore, a transition from mode 2 to mode 1 instability is observed at the variation of angle of incidence for some parameter values. Oscillatory instabilities are also frequently observed in the rigid upper surface case at the increment in angle of incidence.

Abstract:The present study was conducted to estimate the gentic components and regression analysis for grain yield and various morphological traits in bread wheat involving 10 parents and their 45 F 1 s (half diallel) during 2012-13 and 2013-14. Significant additive (D) and dominance (H 1 ) variance for the traits indicated that expression of these traits is control by both additive and dominance gene action. Average degree of dominance (H 1 /D) 1/2 were more than unity for the traits (peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index) indicating the preponderance of over dominance gene action. The estimates of h 2 were positive and significant for days to ear emergence, peduncle length, productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield indicated dominance of genetic components in F 1 s. Positive and significant values of F were estimated for days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, spike length, flag leaf area and grain yield in F 1 s indicating the preponderance of dominance and positive genes in the parents involved. The theoretical value (0.25) of (H 2 /4H 1 ) for all the traits indicated asymmetrical distribution of positive and negative genes. The proportion of dominant and recessive alleles indicated presence of dominant alleles in the parents. The traits showing more than 30% narrow sanse heritability could be rewarding for further improvement in grain yield in bread wheat. Regression analysis indicated that the traits (days to ear emergence, days to 50% flowering, peduncle length, flag leaf area, productive tillers, harvest index, biological yield and grain yield) control by over dominance type of gene action. The parent RAJ 4246 contained maximum dominant genes for days to ear emergence and days to 50% flowering; HD 2733 for spike length and flag leaf area and HD 2824 for productive tillers, biological yield and grain yield used as donors in multiple traits breeding programme to develop high yielding wheat genotypes.

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The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of bubbles on the turbulence levels of a water jet. Simultaneous measurements of the axial and radial velocity components were taken in a bubbly jet with a Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) and then compared to the velocities of a single phase jet at the same liquid flow rate. Mean bubble diameters ranged from 0.6 to 2 mm and the void fractions were up to about 20%. The liquid Reynolds numbers were from 5,000 to 10,000 approximately. The measurements extended to from an axial distance of 4-12 cm. It was observed that bubbles did not affect significantly the average velocity profiles in the jet. However bubbles increased the turbulence intensities in the core of the jet near the jet exit. The increase in turbulence intensities was more pronounced at lower Reynolds numbers and at higher void fractions.