Background: The herbal drug is molded in nanocarriers to boost growing interest in a pharmaceutical era for various fields in sort to amplify therapeutic worth. Nowadays, a promising interest has been developed in nanotechnology using herbal medicines as core material to provoke its activity on the target site. Main body: By administering herbal medicine in the nano-size form, there are chances for improving the bioavailability, binding receptor selectivity due to higher active surface energy thereby enhancing the effectiveness and safety of the active entity. In the last few decades, formulations with nano-sized herbal active ingredients have emerged as nano-phytomedicines owing to its wide range of interest and effectiveness because of its unique nature. Nanonized drug delivery structure of herbal drug has an approaching outlook for getting bigger the doings and overcome problems associated with plant medicine. The current review will focus on nanoparticles, herbal drug-loading techniques, herbal nanoformulations, and applications in various fields. Conclusion: We conclude that by formulating herbal drug in nanocarriers would be a promising guide for the progress of core remedy and will act as a promising proposal for many pathological conditions.

Introduction: Pain is a common sequel of surgery and massage has been advocated as effective and easy technique that can be applied independently by nurses to patients in postoperative period to relive pain intensity. It involves a simple technique, costs little and requires no special equipment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of foot and hand massage reducing pain in postoperative patients. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of foot and hand massage in reducing post operative pain. Methods: An experimental design with Simple random sampling was adopted to conduct the study with 30 samples were selected as control group and 30 samples in experimental group. Foot and Hand massage was given for 20 minutes in the experimental group, control group has a regular treatment and pain score was assessed by numerical rating scale before and after intervention. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result: Experimental group the pre test mean is 29.47 and SD 5.56, the post test mean is 17.92 and SD 3.39. The t test revealed that foot and hand massage was found to be effective in reducing pain among post operative patients undergoing abdominal surgery at the level of * P<0.05. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed that the foot and hand massage is reducing post operative pain among patient undergoing abdominal surgery. However, we need further studies with larger samples to investigate the effect of foot and hand massage in reducing pain.

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Introduction: Habits formed during childhood will have a long term impact on health and wellbeing. Good dietary pattern is essential for building of bones. Infants and children obviously need extra nutrition and proper physical activity and exercise for their growth and development. Objectives: to assess the dietary habits of underweight children and normal weight children. To compare the dietary habits of underweight children and normal weight children. To compare the lifestyle of underweight children and normal weight children. Methodology: quantitative research approach with descriptive comparative research design was adopted to assess the lifestyle of school children. 60 children were selected by non-probability purposive sampling method in Government Higher Secondary School at Kirumampakkam , Puducherry. Results: Life style of both underweight and normal weight children were assessed under two areas, dietary habits and physical activity /exercise. It was noted that normal weight children were having good eating pattern and physical activity when compared to underweight children which was significant at p<0.05 level. Conclusion: Dietary habits of each individual and eating pattern are interlinked. This study results shows that majority of normal weight children followed a good dietary habits and physical activity compared to underweight children. And most of the underweight children had poor dietary habits and physical activity. It is highly essential that the under five children should be identified and proper awareness regarding dietary habits and physical habits should be imparted at the earliest.