RESUMO A amputação é um recurso terapêutico utilizado para realizar a remoção de um membro, outro apêndice ou saliência do corpo, na ocorrência de lesões graves de nervos, artérias, partes moles e ossos. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a prevalência de amputações de membros no estado de Alagoas. Tratou-se de um estudo de dados secundários, com abordagem epidemiológica e observacional, no período de 2008 a 2015. As informações foram coletadas do banco de dados do SIHSUS. Foram registrados 361.585 procedimentos de amputações de membros no Brasil, com predominância nas regiões Sudeste, Nordeste e Sul, responsáveis por 88,13% desse total. Alagoas ocupou o 21º lugar em número de amputações entre os estados brasileiros: seus procedimentos ocorreram em seis microrregiões, destas, 3 foram responsáveis por 95% dos casos. A prevalência de amputação em Alagoas foi de 19,05 amputações/100 mil habitantes. Três tipos de procedimentos apresentam maior predominância: amputação de membros inferiores, dedos, pé e tarso, o que representa 95% das amputações.
Background: Obesity is a global epidemic, and it is widely known that increased Body mass index (BMI) is associated with alterations in respiratory mechanics. Bariatric surgery is established as an effective treatment for this condition. Objective: To assess the safety and effectiveness of different ventilation strategies in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials aimed at evaluating ventilation strategies for obese patients was carried out. Primary outcomes: in-hospital mortality, adequacy of gas exchange, and respiration mechanics alterations. Results: Fourteen clinical trials with 574 participants were included. When recruitment maneuvers (RM) vs Positive endexpiratory pressure (PEEP) were compared, RM resulted in better oxygenation p = 0.03 (MD 79.93), higher plateau pressure p < 0.00001 (MD 7.30), higher mean airway pressure p < 0.00001 (MD 6.61), and higher compliance p < 0.00001 (MD 21.00); when comparing RM + Zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) vs RM + PEEP 5 or 10 cmH2O, RM associated with PEEP led to better oxygenation p = 0.001 (MD 167.00); when comparing Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) 40 cmH2O + PEEP 10 cmH2O vs CPAP 40 cmH2O + PEEP 15 cmH2O, CPAP 40 + PEEP 15 achieved better gas exchange p = 0.003 (MD 36.00) and compliance p = 0.0003 (MD 3.00). Conclusion: There is some evidence that the alveolar recruitment maneuvers associated with PEEP lead to better oxygenation and higher compliance. There is no evidence of differences between pressure control ventilation (PCV) and Volume control ventilation (VCV).
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