La investigación en seguridad y salud en el trabajo para teletrabajo autónomo en Colombia se realizó bajo el enfoque de sistemas de gestión basado en NTC ISO 45001:2018 de SG en SST y del Decreto 1072 de 2015 (capítulo 6 del SG SST y capítulo 5 de teletrabajo). Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica de investigaciones efectuadas sobre el tema objeto de estudio en 10 bases de datos: Science Direct, BVS, Scopus, Scielo, EBSCO, IEEE, Redalyc, Springer, Latindex y Google académico, usando para la búsqueda los siguientes términos claves en español y en inglés: teletrabajo, seguridad y salud en el trabajo, salud ocupacional, teletrabajadores, teleworking, telecommuting, safety and health at work, occupational health y teleworker; lo cual dio como resultado el hallazgo de 60 artículos sobre investigaciones en el tema en los siguientes países: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Australia, Bélgica, Canadá, Eslovaquia, España, Estados Unidos, Estonia, India, Japón, Malasia, Nueva Zelanda, Países Bajos, Portugal y Reino Unido. Los artículos que se analizaron se organizaron en 14 categorías para de esta manera determinar aspectos comunes y relevantes en la literatura revisada sobre el teletrabajo
The results of this paper are determined by the guidelines and regulations applicable to teleworking in Colombia in terms of occupational health and safety, to the design of the Occupational Health and Safety Model for autonomous teleworking, and to the structuring and validation of the Maturity of the Occupational Health and Safety Management System (ema), Quality of Life (CoL), and Working Conditions (wc) instruments. For the development of the Model, the following categories were analyzed: advantages and disadvantages of teleworking, teleworking modalities, worker conditions, environmental conditions, conditions of the tasks, change management, leadership, and quality of life. Statistical validations were performed on each proposed instrument, such as internal consistency, factor analysis, and component analysis. In the proposed Model, the employer or contractor must address the prevention of accidents and occupational diseases and the protection and promotion of the health of workers and/or contractors through the implementation, maintenance, and continuous improvement of a management system with principles based on the pdca cycle (Plan, Do, Check, and Act).
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