Novel half-sandwich iridium(III) complexes with aminomethyl(diphenyl)phosphine derived from fluoroloquinolones (IrPCp, IrPSf, IrPLm, IrPNr) were being studied as possible anticancer chemotherapeutics with potency higher than that of the other well-known metal-based...

Herein we present the synthesis of new complexes based on ruthenium(II) (Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2PPh2CH2OH (RuPOH), Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2P(p-OCH3Ph)2CH2OH (RuMPOH)) and iridium(III) (Ir(η5-Cp*)Cl2P(p-OCH3Ph)2CH2OH (IrMPOH), Ir(η5-Cp*)Cl2PPh2CH2OH (IrPOH) containing phosphine ligands with/without methoxy motif on phenyl rings...

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Novel heteronuclear Ir III −Cu II coordination compounds ([Ir(η 5 -Cp*)Cl 2 Pcfx-Cu(phen)](NO 3 )•1.75(CH 3 OH)•0.75(H 2 O) (1), [Ir(η 5 -Cp*)Cl 2 Pnfx-Cu(phen)](NO 3 )•1.75(CH 3 OH) 4)) bearing phosphines derived from fluoroquinolones, namely, sparfloxacin (Hsfx), ciprofloxacin (Hcfx), lomefloxacin (Hlfx), and norfloxacin (Hnfx), have been synthesized and studied as possible anticancer chemotherapeutics. All compounds have been characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), a number of spectroscopic methods (i.e., IR, fluorescence, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)), cyclic voltammetry, variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurements, and X-ray diffractometry. The coordination geometry of Ir III in all complexes adopts a characteristic piano-stool geometry with the η 5 -coordinated and three additional sites occupied by two chloride and phosphine ligands, while Cu II ions in complexes 1 and 2 form a distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry, and in complex 3, the coordination geometry around Cu II ions is a distorted octahedron. Interestingly, the crystal structure of [Ir(η 5 -Cp*)Cl 2 Plfx-Cu(phen)] features the one-dimensional (1D) metal−organic polymer. Liposomes loaded with redox-active and fluorescent [Ir(η 5 -Cp*)Cl 2 Pcfx-Cu(phen)] (1L) have been prepared to increase water solubility and minimize serious systemic side effects. It has been proven, by confocal microscopy and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis, that the liposomal form of compound 1 can be effectively accumulated inside human lung adenocarcinoma and human prostate carcinoma cells with selective localization in nuclei. A cytometric analysis showed dominance of apoptosis over the other cell death types. Furthermore, the investigated nanoformulations induced changes in the cell cycle, leading to S phase arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Importantly, in vitro anticancer action on three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids has been demonstrated.