Today PLA is one of the most important bioplastics on the market. A disadvantage of commercial polylactide is that it is not readily foamable, due to its low molecular weight, its low melt stability, and the lack of strain hardening effects. Therefore, commercially available polylactide has to be modified. In this study, the effects on properties by adding different modifiers were investigated. Adding of the modifiers and their chemical reaction were performed by means of reactive extrusion on a twin screw extruder. The molecular weight was increased by modifiers, which can be attributed to a changed chain topology. The highest molecular weight was achieved with organic peroxide. The rheological studies show that a changed chain topology can be assumed for the modified PLA. The most pronounced effect on the melt properties-the melt viscosity and also the melt strength-again was observed with the organic peroxide. The melt strength was increased for PLA modified with the organic peroxide. Furthermore, the organic peroxide was the only modifier that enhanced the crystallization rate, which is also favorable for extrusion foaming.
Five kinds of polylactides (PLAs), with different d-lactide contents and tacticities, were subjected to high-speed melt-spinning experiments. In addition to stereochemical purity, the PLA types differed in molecular mass and molecular mass distribution. The properties of the different PLA materials were characterized by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, size exclusion chromatography, and 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. The material was spun with a highspeed spinning process within the range 2000 -5000 m/min. The physical and tensile properties of the fibers were determined. The maximum tensile properties of the fibers were a 300 MPa tenacity at an elongation at break of 30% and a tensile modulus of 6.8 GPa.
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