Crops with increased biomass production and yield under suboptimal water availability are vital for sustainable production under abiotic stress. We identified drought tolerance in pigeonpea and mungbean cultivars by measuring chlorophyll florescence, an indicator to evaluate the efficiency of PSII photochemistry. Significant variation (p < 0.05) observed among cultivars and crops with high quantum yields (Fv/Fm) in Mungbean (Texas sprout) and Pigeonpea (W1, W3, G1) and were highly drought tolerant. Pigeonpea (Fv/Fm = 0.7933) and mungbean (Fv/Fm = 0.7993) were equally potential and significantly (p < 0.05) more tolerant to water stress (50 % field capacity) during early vegetative growth stage compared to soybean (Fv/Fm = 0.7870). The quantum yields were high (0.79-0.81) during early growth stage indicating high water use efficiency and low (0.71, pigeonpea; 0.77, mungbean) during podding and flowering stages respectively indicating distribution of photosynthetic assimilates. Among all the growth stages evaluated, the podding and maturity stages were with less water use efficiency as indicated by relatively less values of Fv/Fm in both crops requiring relatively less amount of water compared to active vegetative growth stage. The cultivars with shortest plant height and tan seed coat were observed with drought tolerance in pigeonpea. Among the six food legumes studied for mean comparisons, the chickpea, pigeonpea and mungbean were highly tolerant followed by soybean, mothbean and tepary bean while fababean was less tolerant to drought stress.

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The present experiment was carried out on twenty eight year old ber orchard planted under sodic soil condition, which is located at the Main Experiment Station Horticulture, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya. The objective of experiment was to assess the effect of Plant growth regulators and micro nutrient on quality of ber.The application of different growth regulators affected different characters of ber significantly i.e., fruit weight, fruit size, TSS, acidity, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and Total sugar. The maximum fruit size, length (3.87 and 3.92 cm) and breadth (3.38 and 3.41 cm) was recorded under the treatment of T8- 0.15 % Promalin + 0.5% Borax, which was statistically at par with T10-15 ppm GA4 + 7 + 0.5 % Borax (3.79 and 3.84 cm) and (3.33 and 3.36 cm) during 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively. The maximum fruit weight was noted (27.69g and 28.89g) under the treatment of T8- 0.15 % Promalin + 0.5% Borax, which was statistically similar with T10-15 ppm GA4 + 7 + 0.5% Borax (26.30 g). The higher TSS (19.42 and 19.49) 0Brix was recorded under the treatment of T8- 0.15 % Promalin + 0.5 % Borax, which was statistically at par with T10-15 ppm GA4 + 7 + 0.5 % Borax (19.02 and 19.09) 0Brix. The minimum Acidity (0.24% and 0.23 %) was recorded under the treatment of T8- 0.15 % Promalin + 0.5 % Borax, which was statistically at par with T10- 15 ppm GA4 + 7 + 0.5 % Borax. The maximum ascorbic acid (85.33 and 86.02) was recorded under the treatment of T8- 0.15 % Promalin + 0.5 % Borax, which was statistically at par with T10- 15 ppm GA4 + 7 + 0.5 % Borax (84.71 and 84.62). The maximum reducing sugar (6.23 and 6.25) was recorded under the treatment of T7- 0.13 % Promalin + 0.5 % Borax. The maximum non-reducing sugar (7.92 and 7.95) was recorded under the treatment of T7- 0.13% Promalin + 0.5 % Borax. The maximum Total sugar (14.15 and 14.20 %) was recorded under the treatment of T7- 0.13 % Promalin + 0.5 % Borax.

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