Background:The phytochemical and pharmacological activities of Annona reticulata components suggest a wide range of clinical application in lieu of cancer chemotherapy.Materials and Methods:Ethanol and aqueous extracts of roots of Annona reticulata Linn were studied for their in vitro antiproliferative activity on A-549 (human lung carcinoma), K-562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia bone marrow), HeLa (human cervix) and MDA-MB (human adenocarcinoma mammary gland) cancer cell lines by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] colorimetric assay.Results:The ethanol extract exhibited a prominent inhibitory effect against A-549, K-562, HeLa and MDA-MB human cancer cell lines at a concentration range between 10 and 40 μg/ml, whereas the aqueous extract showed a lower activity at the same concentration. Simultaneously, the effect of the ethanol extract toward the inhibition of Vero cell line proliferation was lower in comparison with the cancer cell lines.Conclusion:The significant antiproliferative activity of the ethanol extract of Annona reticulata roots against A-549, K-562, HeLa and MDA-MB human cancer cell lines may be attributed toward the collective presence of acetogenins, alkaloids and lower inhibitory effect on Vero cell line, which suggests Annona reticulata be used as a chemopreventive agent in cancer therapy.

Objective:To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of methanolic extracts of fruit and bark of Ficus glomerata Roxb. on cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression in mice and the phagocytic effect on human neutrophils.Materials and Methods:Methanolic extracts of fruits and bark of Ficus glomerata Roxb. at two dose levels of 250and 500 mg/kg p.o. were administered for 13 days to albino mice and cyclophosphamide (30 mg/kg i.p.) was administered on 11th,12th, and 13th days, 1 hour after the administration of the respective treatment. On 14th day blood was collected and the hematological parameters were evaluated. The two extracts in the concentration range 100,50,25,12 and 6.25 μg were also tested for phagocytic effect on human neutrophils using the in vitro models–nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) dye test, phagocytosis of Candida albicans, and chemotaxis assay.Results:Methanolic extracts of fruit and bark of Ficus glomerata Roxb. showed significant counteracting effect (P < 0.01) to cyclophosphamide-induced reduction in total WBC, differential leucocyte count, platelet counts, RBC counts, and hemoglobin levels. The extracts of the plant in the concentration range 100,50,25,12, and 6.25 μg also showed significant (P < 0.01) phagocytic effect on human neutrophils in the parameters studied.Conclusion:Methanolic extracts of fruits and bark of Ficus glomerata Roxb. exhibited immunomodulatory property in both in vivo and in vitro models.

Evaluation of the immuno modulatory activity methanolic extracts of leaves and flowers of Pongamia glabra Vent. in cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppressed mice. Methanolic extracts of leaves and flo wers of Pongamia glabra Vent. at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg p.o. were ad ministered for 13 days to normal adult albino mice of either sex and cyclophosphamide (30mg/kg i.p.) was in jected on 11 th ,12 th and 13 th days 1 hour after the administration of the treatment with extract. On 14 th day blood was collected by retro o rbital puncture and the activity was evaluated by determining the RBC, Hb%, Platelet, total WBC and differential counts. Methanolic extracts of leaves and flowers of Pongamia glabra Vent. showed dose dependant highly significant(p<0.001) counteracting effect to cyclophosphamide induced reduction in total WBC, DLC and platelet counts and significant (p<0.01) effect to that of reduction in RBC counts and Hb%. The significant immunostimu lant activity of the methanolic ext racts of Pongamia glabra Vent. leaves and flowers at the doses of 250mg/kg and 500mg/ kg p.o. in cyclophosphamide induced myelosuppression may be attributed towards the presence of bioactive components, viz.-saponins, sterols, tannins and flavonoids in the ext racts.

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