Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis is one among the major etiological agent in periodontal diseases and has been proved to cause gingival inflammation under orthodontic appliances. Aim: To assess the effect of amine fluoride and probiotic mouthwashes on levels of P. gingivalis during orthodontic treatment, using real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: A randomised controlled trial was performed including 45 patients. There were three groups: Group A (control group), Group B (patients using Amflor mouthwash) and Group C (patients using probiotic mouthwash). During the treatment, all the 3 groups were advised to brush twice a day using Colgate tooth paste and Group B patients were advised to swish 15 ml fluoridated mouthwash (Amflor) and Group C advised to swish probiotic for 60 s before swallowing, once in the morning and once before sleep. After gently removing supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque samples were collected by inserting a sterile dental curette into the bottom of the gingival crevice around 31, 32, 41, and 42 at two different intervals: T1 at start and T2 after 6 months of fixed orthodontic treatment. Sub-gingival plaque samples collected were transferred to laboratory within 48 h for RT-PCR analysis in Tris-buffer solution, to maintain the integrity of bacterial DNA. Results: The levels of P. gingivalis were significantly decreased with probiotic mouth wash. Conclusions: Probiotic mouth wash can be used as an adjunctive measure along with regular brushing to improve periodontal status during fixed orthodontic treatment.

No abstract

ABSTRACT:The advent of technology, increased public awareness and patient demands has evolved our speciality to develop with a variety of new and modified appliances. This paper describes various hybrid appliances which can be applied in different clinical situations according to the need of the patient. Selection of the components and their assemblies, resulting in appliance designs that uniquely match the needs of individual patients. Various appliances like fixed functional, esthetic mandibular advancement devices, hybrid hyrax, hybrid orthodontic treatment system, hybrid aligner therapy and biobloc therapy have been described in this paper.

Aim:The aim of this split-mouth, blinded randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic effects of locally delivered 1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25 DHC) on the amount of canine distalization. Materials and methods: Fifteen patients between age groups of 15 years to 30 years willing to undergo orthodontic treatment in a dental college participated in the study. A computer-generated randomization list was generated to divide the maxillary arch into experimental side and control side. Allocation concealment was applied. Canine distalization was initiated using nickel-titanium (NiTi) closed coil springs delivering a force of 150 g per side, which was attached to the maxillary first molar tube and canine hook. Local periodontal gel injection of 1,25 DHC was given on the experimental side and placebo gel on the control side at distal side of the maxillary canine at monthly interval, respectively. Patients were evaluated from beginning (T 0 ), 4 weeks (T 1 ), 8 weeks (T 2 ), and 12 weeks (T 3 ). CT scans were taken at T 0 and T 3 to measure the changes in bone density. The difference in amount of canine distalization and the changes in bone density were assessed on the experimental and control sides, respectively. Descriptive statistics and paired t test were used to determine any differences. Results: The results showed statistically significant increase in the amount of canine distalization and decrease in cancellous bone density on the experimental side when compared to control side. Conclusion:The active form of vitamin D can be an effective agent to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Clinical significance: This study provides a new insight into the scope of vitamin D in clinical orthodontics and its innovative method of application to accelerate tooth movement in patients will revolutionize treatment as well as open newer boundaries in orthodontic research at a biomolecular level.