In this article, a low-cost, simple,
and rapid fabrication of paper-based
analytical devices (PADs) using a wax screen-printing method is reported
here. The acid–base reaction is implemented in the simple PADs
to demonstrate to students the chemistry concept of a limiting reagent.
When a fixed concentration of base reacts with a gradually increasing
concentration of acid, a dramatic demonstration allows students to
discover the limiting reagent by naked eyes observing the color change
from phenolphthalein as an indicator. This demonstration is not only
a new approach to enhancing students’ learning of the chemistry
concept of the limiting reagent, but also presents potential applications
of PADs into all levels of chemistry from middle school through college
classes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.