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This paper introduces concepts of teacher agency in the ecological approach which emphasized an interplay between teachers' capacity and their engagement with the professional environment. The ecological approach provides a model of understanding the ecological contexts of teachers' actions, how the agency is shaped and achieved. This is a timely matter as the agency has been conceptualized variedly in literature. Considering the heavy-pressured of the top-down policy in the Indonesian educational system, teachers as agents of change are expected to exercise their agentive role in educational improvement. The ecological approach enables an examination of not only the teaches' capacity but also their thorough ecological dimensions, thus it would better inform educational institutions and teacher educators about ways to support the achievement of teacher agency.

This study intends to describe assessment strategies for young students’ online learning. The participants in this descriptive qualitative study were 15 primary school principals and 35 teachers teaching Years 4 and 5 in urban and rural schools on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, who volunteered their participation after undergoing comparable procedures. Using operational concepts of assessment of learning for online learning, class observation, and interview were organized. The content and structure validity of the measures were evaluated in accordance with the developmental periods of young learners. The findings showed that the teachers assessed the primary students’ cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains interactively during the online class meetings, in their portfolio, and through attitude direct observation. Several assessment strategies were advocated to circumvent the shortcomings of online learning. A criterion-referenced evaluation was used to conduct the analysis. The theoretical implications of the findings suggest that the various assessment procedures adopted have decreased the negative washback of online exams; however, further research is required to determine the consistency of the outcomes of online tests with other types of evaluation.

This study is aimed at examining the naturalness of post-editing translations using Google NMT and Yandex NMT by English Department students and to determine which of the two NMT tools came closest to the naturalness of a short story's translation. The subjects of this study were English Education students from the University of Mataram who come from the native area. Meanwhile, the object of this study was a short story entitled “Jack and The Beanstalk,” in English version. In this study, the researcher used Larson’s theory as the study’s reference to analyze the naturalness of translation in the short story “Jack and The Beanstalk” from English to Indonesia. The data were obtained by two methods of data collection: observation and documentation. The total data in this study was 1248 sentences, which were analyzed descriptively. The result of this study showed the percentage of text quality in naturalness translation that students produced in conducting post-editing. In GNMT most of the post-editing quality is “highly natural” with 88%, followed by “natural” with 5%, “less natural” with 6%, and “unnatural” with 1%. On the other hand, little few differences were found in YNMT, which shows that most of the post-editing quality is “highly natural” with 81%, followed by “natural” with 6%, “less natural” with 8%, and “unnatural” with 4%. According to that percentage, it can conclude that the quality of naturalness translation in post-editing from GNMT is easier to edit and produce better-translated text than YNMT.

Tujuan pengabdian pada masyarakat (PPM) ini adalah melatih dan membekali anak-anak usia SD kelas 4,5, dan 6 yang seringkali membantu keluarganya berjualan souvenir di sekitar KEK Mandalika Lombok Tengah dengan kemampuan komunikasi sederhana Bahasa Inggris pariwisata melalui permainan luar ruang bermakna (meaningful outdoor plays). Kegiatan PPM ini juga bertujuan untuk membantu pemerintah daerah mempersiapkan sumber daya manusia (SDM) di sekitar sirkuit MotoGP Mandalika Lombok Tengah. Kegiatan PPM ini dilaksanakan dengan tahapan (1) survey lokasi dan diskusi dengan kepala desa atau dusun, (2) desain rencana PPM, (3) penyusunan materi pelatihan, (4) pelatihan, dan (5) penyusunan laporan dan luaran PPM. Kegiatan PPM ini menghasilkan (1) pengetahuan khalayak strategis tentang percakapan sederhana pariwisata, (2) keterampilan berkomunikasi Bahasa Inggris sederhana untuk keperluan pariwisata khususnya penjualan souvenir, dan (3) manuskrip jurnal yang akan diterbitkan di jurnal PPM yang revelan. Kegiatan dan materi pelatihan ini disusun berdasarkan teori-teori dan metode-metode pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris anak-anak (English for Children) dan disesuaikan dengan karakter anak sebagai pembelajar usia dini (young learners).