Objective: This study investigated testicular oxidative stress status and physiomorphological function in Wistar rats fed with yaji and cadmium chloride (CdCl₂).Methods: Sixty male albino Wistar rats (12 per group) were randomly assigned to five groups: group I (control), group II (300 mg/kg.bw of yaji), group III (500 mg/kg.bw of yaji), group IV (2.5 mg/kg.bw of CdCl₂), and group V (2.5 mg/kg.bw of yaji+4 mg/kg.bw omega-3). Each group was evenly subdivided into two subgroups and treatment was administered for 14 days and 42 days, respectively. Semen quality (sperm count, progressive motility, normal morphology, and gonadosomatic index), hormones (testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone), testicular oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and malonaldehyde) and testicular histomorphological features were examined.Results: Yaji caused significant (<i>p</i>< 0.05) dose- and duration-dependent reductions in semen quality, the gonadosomatic index, testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. Yaji also caused significant (<i>p</i>< 0.05) dose- and duration-dependent decreases in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as increased testicular malonaldehyde levels. Yaji induced distortions in the testicular histological architecture. CdCl₂ damaged testicular function by significantly (<i>p</i>< 0.05) reducing semen quality, reproductive hormone levels, and oxidative stress markers in albino Wistar rats. CdCl₂ also altered the histology of the testis.Conclusion: This study shows that yaji sauce has similar anti-fertility effects to those of CdCl₂, as it adversely interferes with male reproduction by impairing oxidative stress markers and the function and morphological features of the testis.

Leucocytosis, marked increase in the number of white blood cells (WBC) is a known physiological response to trauma. In recent times, several studies have asserted the absence of this response in Africans. In view of this, current study investigated the existence of, and prognostic implications of post-traumatic leucocytosis amongst adult Nigerians with acute musculoskeletal (MSK) trauma. Two hundred and twenty three (223) adult male and females (MSK traumatized) and fifty apparently healthy volunteers (adults) were ethically recruited from the National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu, regional centre for trauma, orthopaedic, burns and plastic surgery in south-east Nigeria. Using the Leishman’s stained blood smear technique, leucocyte profiles [Neutrophil, Lymphocytes, Basophils, Eosinophils and Monocyte counts] were obtained for each participant. In all case, Age, Gender and duration of hospitalization were also obtained. Following careful analysis, study found, using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a statistically significant increase (p < .05) in acutely traumatized subjects; with adults of ages 20 to 49 years constituting the majority (70%). A statistically significant lymphopenia was also observed in test population, with Pearson Product Moment Correlation proving positive for higher levels of WBC counts. A negative correlation was also seen for Neutrophils and lymphocyte counts, implicating the Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Stress Factor (NLSF). We recommend the exploration of the NLSF for prognosis of Leucocytosis in Africans.

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