The relationship between periodontitis (or periodontal disease) with Alzheimer’s disease has been reported by various primary sources in the past decade, but not with a solid secondary research statement. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and registered (Reference number: CRD42020185264) with PROSPERO (International prospective register for systematic reviews). A literature search was conducted on specific databases for suitable articles in English language. Out of 612 studies selected, 41 underwent full-text analysis; five studies were eligible for systematic review, and 3 for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was performed with tests for sensitivity and statistical heterogeneity followed by calculation of summary effect measures in terms of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The results of this review showed a significant association between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease in the meta-analysis [OR 1.67 (1.21–2.32)].

Background: Diagnostic radiation is reported to cause significant damage in buccal cells, while the same effects after natural cell turn over cycle were not checked for in previous studies. The buccal cells were studied in patients exposed to computed tomography (CT) scans for evaluating the cells with micronuclei and cytotoxic changes, namely, pyknotic cells, karyorrhectic cells and karyolytic cells. The pre-exposure counts were compared with postexposure counts on 10 and 20 days corresponding to first and second cell turnover cycles. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate the counts of micronucleus and cytotoxic changes in buccal cells post-exposure to CT scans and report on variance of the same with first and second buccal cell turnover cycles. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study, wherein the buccal smears of patients undergoing CT scans were made before and after CT scan exposures as needed. Papanicolaou (PAP) staining and analysis were performed as per standard criteria for micronuclear and cytotoxic changes, respectively. Statistical test used was paired t -tests. Results: The micronuclear counts revealed 0.4% positive cells before exposure and 1.4% positive cells post 10 days and 20 days of exposure were significant ( P < 0.005). The cytotoxic changes showed around 2.5% positive cells before and 5.7% positive cells 10 days after CT exposure ( P < 0.005). The cytotoxic cell values from baseline to 20 th day were not significant ( P < 0.25). Conclusion: CT scans have caused genotoxic effects notable after two cell turnover cycles but the cytotoxic changes have significantly decreased naturally after 2 nd cell turnover as per our study.

Genetics is the science concerned with the structure and function of all genes in different organisms. Malocclusion is a manifestation of genetic and environmental interaction on the development of the orofacial region. It is important to consider genetic factors to understand the cause of existing problems, which has influence the outcome of treatment.The review aims to provide information to the dental practitioner and orthodontist on basics of genetics and common disorders with gene impairments. These genetic factors in turn have an impact on outcome of orthodontic treatment.

with history of wound in mouth, causing nasal regurgitation of food for a period of 4 weeks. Examination revealed, a 3 × 3 cm oval ulcer at the junction of hard and soft palate in the midline, covered with extensive pseudomembrane and associated with foul smell. The ulcer was tender, with well-defined borders and everted margins [Figure 1]. Occlusal radiographs showed evidence of communication with the nasal cavity. Routine blood investigations along with serology (VDRL for syphilis and ELISA for HIV) were negative. Histopathology demonstrated candidal hyphae, while pus culture and antibiogram showed isolated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Accordingly, local debridement was done, along with parenteral vancomycin 1 g/day administered 8 hourly and oral fluconazole 150 mg once daily for a week. The patient was referred for surgical management of the fistula after satisfactory healing.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease that predominantly affects adults and occurs less frequently in the pediatric patients. Oral LP in childhood is a rare entity with very few cases cited in the literature. The objective of this paper is to contribute a clinically and histologically documented case of juvenile oral LP to the literature. Despite the fact of rare occurrence, early identification and diagnosis of this condition by dental specialists can have a huge impact on the oral health of affected pediatric patients.