Background: Malaria   causing   plasmodia   are   parasites   of   blood   and   hence   induce haematological alterations. The haematological changes that have been reported to accompany malaria include anemia, thrombocytopenia and leucocytosis, leukopenia, mild   to   moderate   atypical   lymphocytosis, monocytosis,   eosinophilia   and neutrophilia.Methods: Total hundred smear positive malaria cases were taken and various hematological parameters and biochemical parameters were studied.Results: Out of 100 smear positive cases, P. vivax was positive in 55 cases while P. falciparum was positive in 45 cases. It was seen in 86.67% of falciparum Malaria patients and in 72.72% of vivax Malaria patients. Severe anemia was seen in 9% of patients. Normocytic normochromic blood picture was the most common type in anaemic patients (51.89%). Thrombocytopenia was seen in 71% of the patients. Mild thrombocytopenia was more common and present in 52% of patients while Severe thrombocytopenia was seen in 19% of cases. In falciparum malaria thrombocytopenia was present in 66.66% of the patients while it was present in 74.54% of the patients in vivax malaria. Total Leucocyte Count was normal in 72% of the patients.Conclusions: Various haematological findings can help in early diagnosis of malaria which is essential for timely and appropriate treatment which can limit the morbidity and prevent further complications.

A 35-year-old man presented with a history of nasal blockage more on the right side since two years. Other symptoms included rhinorrhoea, headache, recurrent epistaxis, mouth breathing and disturbed sleep since six months.Local examination revealed right and left nostril showing pale polypoid mass, insensitive to touch and it did not bleed on touching. Probe could be passed all around it. CT revealed mildly enhancing soft tissue density lesion arising from right maxillary sinus and extending into right nasal cavity causing its widening with extension anteriorly upto right anterior nares and into ethmoidal air cells and posteriorly into choana resulting into slit like nasopharynx, thereby causing deviation of nasal septum to left side with frontal, sphenoidal and ethemoidal sinusitis. No bone destruction or intracranial extension was seen [Table/ Fig-1]. Excision of nasal mass was done by Weber ferguson approach. After osteotomy, a grayish white mass was seen in the maxillary antrum extending into the nasal cavity. Bone destruction was not seen. The mass was removed completely and sent for histopathological examination. Gross examination showed tissue fragments collectively of size 5x4 cm, gelatinous with circumscribed margins [Table/ Fig-2].Microscopic examination showed cellular areas comprised of spindle shaped cells arranged in short bundles and forming interlacing fascicles with nuclear palisading in verocay bodies. These were Antony A areas. While in some areas the spindle cells were seen irregularly arranged in loose myxoid matrix, these hypocellular areas were Antony B areas [Table/ Fig-3]. There were no mitotic figures or areas of necrosis. It showed positivity for S-100 protein thus confirming the diagnosis [Table /Fig-4]. The above findings were consistent with a diagnosis of sinonasal schwanoma. After surgery there were no postoperative complications, patient was relieved of his symptoms and in one year follow up there was no recurrence. DISCUSSIONSchwannoma also called neurilemmoma is a slow growing benign neoplasm arising from schwann cells in the peripheral nerve sheath. Approximately 45% of schwannomas arise from head and neck region [1]. Less common sites for schwannomas are scalp, face, oral cavity, and respiratory track. Sinonasal schwannomas are very rare, and represent less than 4% of the schwannomas of head and neck region [2][3][4]. The ethmoidal sinus is most commonly involved followed by maxillary sinus, nasal fossa and sphenoidal sinus [4,5]. The involvement of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is rare with very few cases reported [6,7]. The most common age group involved is between 0-78 years with no sex or racial predilection [4]. Patient may complain of nasal obstruction, epistaxis, rhinorrhoea, anosmia, facial swelling or pain [8]. Macroscopically schwannomas appear as gelatinous or cystic well encapsulated masses. Microscopically schwannomas are classified into three major histological types [9]. Hypercellular or Antony A areas comprised of spindle shaped cells arranged in interlac...

Gall bladder carcinoma is the fifth most common malignancy of gastrointestinal tract. Mucinous carcinoma of gall bladder is very rare variant of gall bladder carcinoma. Only 20 cases of mucinous carcinoma reported till now. We report one such case of 55yr old female patient presented to our hospital with complaining of pain in right hypochondriac region and vomiting since, one month. Radiological examination revealed neoplastic thickening of gall bladder neck with cholelithiasis. Cholecystectomy was performed and specimen showed glistening grey white infiltrative firm solid mass at the neck of gall bladder. On microscopic examination showed mucinous adenocarcinoma. Tumour comprised of cystically dilated mucin filled glands. Tumour was seen infiltrating into muscle layer.

No abstract

We present a 15 year old boy who developed severe rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure following influenza B infection. His renal function was restored after appropriate therapy for rhabdomyolysis. Although rapidly progressive pneumonia, respiratory failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome are the most common severe complications of influenza B infection, clinicians should be aware that influenza B may be complicated with rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure in children.