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Purpose To study the relation between serum calprotectin level and acute noninfectious anterior uveitis in Egyptian patients. Methods An observational prospective study carried out at Menoufia University Hospital during the period from march 2021 till June 2022, after informed consent from all studied patients. This study included 20 eyes of patients with Acute Anterior Uveitis (AAU) and 20 eyes healthy individuals matched sex and age as the control group. Full history taking, ophthalmological examination and serum calprotectin levels were performed for both patients and controls. Results The majority of AAU patients' eyes (55%) had a moderate grade, followed by a faint grade (30%) and a pronounced grade (15%). Serum calprotectin levels were substantially higher in patients with acute anterior uveitis than in healthy eyes (61.45 ± 7.89 vs. 32.50 ± 11.64; 95% CI: 22.58–35.32; P < 0.001). In comparison to negative previous uveitis and mild to moderate anterior uveitis, serum calprotectin levels were substantially higher with positive previous uveitis (64.75 ± 4.65) and notable grade (67.00 ± 2.65). The serum calprotectin cutoff point for diagnosing AAU was 58.0, with sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 43%. Serum calprotectin had a cutoff value in the prognosis of AAU of 63.0, with a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 37.5%. Conclusion Serum calprotectin levels was significantly higher with positive previous uveitis and marked grade indicating a possible role of calprotectin in the pathogenesis of noninfectious AAU. Finally, we discovered serum calprotectin as a possible biomarker for predicting patients' mortality risk and the likelihood of developing anterior uveitis, whose prompt monitoring may enhance the prognosis of anterior uveitis.

Background: The multifactorial condition known as dry eye disease (DED) has the ability to harm the conjunctival and corneal epithelium through its effects on tears and the ocular surface. Instability of the tear film, increased tear osmolarity, abnormalities of the lacrimal gland and meibomian glands, and a multitude of inflammatory processes in the epithelial surface cells are all causes of dry eye disease. Objective: The aim of the current study was to assess correlations between corneal epithelial thickness and dry eye symptoms among Egyptian sample patients. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 80 dry eye patients and 30 healthy people at the Ophthalmology Department, Menoufia University Hospital, from April 2021 to October 2022. Results: The dry eye group's superior corneal epithelial thickness (50.85 ± 8.35) was considerably lower than that of the normal eye group (52.26 ± 2.98), with a P-value of 0.001. The mean of inferior and central corneal epithelial thicknesses, however, did not differ significantly between dry eyes and normal eyes (P>0.05), measuring 37.08 (SD 12.88) mm, 57.90 (SD 13.85) mm, and 52.67 (SD 2.59) mm, 55.32 (SD 6.84) mm, respectively. Conclusion: Corneal epithelium of dry eyes has a thinner upper part than that of normal eyes. In individuals with more severe dry eye disease, the superior and minimum epithelium was significantly thinner and had a broader range of map standard deviation.

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