We performed this experiment to evaluate the effects of adding vitamins C and E on extenders for sperm cryopreservation of Rhamdia quelen over spermatic mobility after thawing. At cryopreservation, sperm samples were diluted in a proportion of 1:3 (v/v), following pre-freezing in nitrogen steam and subsequent immersion in liquid nitrogen. The diluents were composed by 5% milk powder, 5% glucose, 10% methanol and different levels of vitamin. Three sperm cryopreservation tests were carried out with (1) diluent containing 0.0; 4.0; 6.5; 9.0 and 11.5 mg of vitamin C mL -1 , (2) diluent containing 0.0; 2.0; 4.0; 6.0 and 8.0 mg of vitamin E mL -1 ; (3) diluent containing 0.0; 4.0 + 2.0; 6.5 + 4.0; 9.0 + 6.0 and 11.5 + 8.0 mg of vitamin C mL -1 plus vitamin E mL -1 , respectively. The spermatic motility rate, spermatic curvilinear velocity, average path and straight line velocities were measured in thawed semen by CASA. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Duncan´s test at 5% of significance. After thawing the effect (P<0.05) of vitamin C was observed only for sperm motility, with higher values (38.2±20.7%) on solution containing 4.0 mg of vitamin C mL -1 . The concomitant addition of both vitamins influenced (P<0.05) only the curvilinear velocity, reducing the velocity at any concentration. In conclusion, diluents with 4.0 mg vitamin C mL -1 to cryopreservation of the silver catfish semen improve the sperm quality after thawing, and the use of diluents with vitamin E or both vitamins are not recommended because do not ensure the cells protection.

Different anesthetic agents are commonly used during procedures performed in aquaculture to minimize stress and maximize fish welfare during handling. A Kinguio fish was treated with a history of a mass near the left eye. In the clinical evaluation, a pedunculated neoformation was found in the periocular region. The fish was submitted to anesthesia for surgical removal of the mass, which was later referred to histopathological evaluation, revealing myxoma. The anesthesia protocol used 1% propofol at a concentration of 5 mg/liter of water and morphine at a dose of 5 mg/kg, intramuscularly. Immediately after the end of the procedure, the fish was returned to the aquarium and its anesthetic recovery was observed. The objective of this report is to describe a surgical procedure in kinguio fish and to determine the efficacy of propofol associated with morphine in this species. As a result, complete immobilization of the fish was obtained with propofol, reaching the fourth stage of anesthesia and the administration of morphine suggested being able to provide effective and long-lasting analgesia. It is concluded that despite the positive results obtained, anesthesia in fish still needs to be extensively investigated to refine analgesia protocols during procedures that cause pain and stress.

The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of the use of chemotherapeutic and phytotherapeutic agents in the control of Argulus sp. The experiment was carried out at the Carlos Eduardo Matiazze Fish Farming Base and at the Animal Production Laboratory (LAPA) of the Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR), the campus Presidente Médici. We analyzed 480 individuals of Argulus sp. collected in cultivation environment, being tested 15 treatments (1 control, 8 herbal products and 6 chemotherapeutic products). Each treatment contained three replicates, with 10 parasites/plate, containing 10 ml of solution prepared with the products at a concentration of 100 mg/L. The antiparasitic efficacy of the products was analyzed every 15 minutes by counting dead parasites. The tests lasted 180 min. In this in vitro assay, the results were satisfactory by testing the inhibitory effect of four chemotherapeutic and two herbal treatments on Argulus sp., where potassium permanganate, Neguvon® and formaldehyde solutions were 100% effective in the first fifteen minutes of experiment. And, lime, nem extract and copaíba showed 100%, 100% and 80%, respectively, at one hundred and eighty minutes, the final experimental evaluation time. The other products were able to reach the effectiveness of 30%, 26.7%, 26.7%, 13.3%, 6.7%, 3.3%, 0% and 0% for papaya, garlic, mast, ginger and albendazole, aloe vera, salt and clove, respectively. These results show that natural products are feasible, economically viable and environmentally friendly for fish farming, contributing to sustainability by reducing the use of chemicals, such as in fish breeding stations, for breeding and breeding control. Substances of plant origin can be presented as an alternative source for direct use or in the development of phytotherapic anti-parasites, requiring advance in studies for in vivo treatment, replacing chemical ones with natural ones. The results found also allow a greater basis for the control of the parasite Argulus sp., leading us to the development of new research, both in vitro and in vivo, leading to their diffusion and, in the future, to their application in cultivation environments.

The study's aim was to evaluate the sperm movement in the semen of Rhamdia quelen, cryopreserved at different times of exposure to nitrogen vapor, besides different equilibration times and with different concentrations of methanol, and in thawed semen kept at 25ºC for different periods of time. Three distinct experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fresh semen aliquots were diluted in a solution containing 5% D-Fructose, 5% milk powder (Nestle®, Ninho Fortificado®) and 10% methanol, filled into 0.25 mL straws and immediately kept in nitrogen vapor by 0,5; 1.0; 4.0; 8.0; 12.0 and 18.0h. After these times, the straws were transferred to the liquid nitrogen (-196°C). After 72 h, the semen was thawed by immersing the straws in water at (25 ° C) for 10 seconds. The sperm activation was evaluated by diluting the thawed semen in distilled water in the proportion of 1:250 (semen:activating solution; v/v). Motility and spermatic velocity in thawed semen were measured using the CASA system. In the second experiment, the fresh semen was diluted in solutions with glucose and powdered milk (Nestle®, Ninho Fortificado®) and 5.0; 7.5; 10.0; 12.5% methanol. Immediately after, it was filled into 0.25mL straws and kept at 25ºC by equilibrium times corresponding to 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes. Subsequently, part of the straws was used for spermatic evaluation before cryopreservation and others were submitted to cryopreservation in nitrogen vapor for 30 minutes and after transferred to liquid nitrogen (-196°C). The processes of thawing and sperm evaluation were performed as described above. In the third experiment, the cryopreserved semen was thawed and kept at 25°C for 0.0; 7,5; 15,0; 22.5 and 30.0 minutes. After each time, the spermatic movement was evaluated as described above. The exposure time of straws to nitrogen vapor and the kept time of the thawed semen at 25ºC did not affect (p > 0.05) the sperm movement. On the other hand, methanol concentrations and equilibrium time (p < 0.05) influenced the spermatic movement interactively both, before and after cryopreservation. The best results were achieved when the semen was cryopreserved immediately after dilution. The cryopreservation of Rhamdia quelen semen can be successfully performed when the semen is diluted in a solution containing 5% D-Fructose, 5% milk powder and 11.66% of methanol and immediately filled into

O pescado é a principal fonte de alimento da população tabatinguense, comercializados em seis pontos no município.     Descrever as condições higiênicas e sanitárias, qualidade do pescado e as espécies comercializadas foram os objetivos deste estudo. As visitas “in loco” ocorreram entre agosto de 2016 a julho de 2018 por meio de observações e levantamentos periódicos. Foram identificados 5 ordens, 17 famílias e 86 espécies comercializadas em Tabatinga. Verificou-se que 67% são comercializados de forma in natura, 29% resfriado, 2% congelado, 1% salgado seco e 1% salmorado. Estrutura básica como caixas isotérmicas, utensílios, água clorada e gelo pelos comerciantes é uma problemática quanto a higiene e sanitária. Em dois locais possuem péssimas condições higiênicas sanitárias e sem recomendação para compra de pescados, em dois locais são de poder público e foram observados melhorias, mas há necessidade de uma capacitação de manipulação aos comerciantes, há um ponto privado com peixes de cultivo e outro sem estrutura física, mas com opção de uma nova feira indígena. Os peixes mais adequados para consumos foram encontrados em vendedores que armazenam em caixas isotérmicas com gelo na proporção 1:1, com uso de água para limpeza do ambiente e utensílios. Recomendamos não comprar pescado em temperaturas ambiente, exposto a poeiras, sol e próximo de ruas. Há necessidade de orientar consumidores quanto a escolha de um pescado com qualidade para consumo. São necessários estudos complementares para uma avaliação microbiológica e físico-química para determinar a qualidade do pescado.