RESUMOIntrodução: A anemia e a carência de ferro são problemas de saúde globais e são mais frequentes em grávidas, mulheres em idade reprodutiva e crianças. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu na avaliação da prevalência de anemia ferropénica e dos fatores de risco associados à ferropénia, na primeira metade da gravidez, numa amostra da população portuguesa. ABSTRACT Introduction: Anemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy are a worldwide concern and are more frequent among women of reproductive age, pregnant women, and young children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and the risk factors for iron depletion during the first half of pregnancy, in a Portuguese population. Material and Methods:A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital and included pregnant women, until the 20th week of gestation. Data was collected regarding demographic and pregnancy features and hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations were determined. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify potential risk factors for iron deficiency. Results: Two hundred and one women were included, from which five (2.49%) presented anemia. Additionally, 77 (38.3%) exhibited iron deficiency and 22 (10.9%) revealed severe iron depletion. Maternal age was the only risk factor identified. The odds ratio (OR) was equal to 12.99 (95% CI 2.41 -70.0) for women under twenty years of age and 2.09 (95% CI 1.05 -4.14) for women older than thirty years of age. Discussion and Conclusion:The prevalence of maternal anemia in the first half of pregnancy was lower than in other studies. However, more than one-third of the women exhibited iron deficiency. With the exception of maternal age, no other risk factors were identified.

Introduction: High-risk human papillomavirus cervical infection is currently a well-established cause of cervical cancer. However, only a few women with persistent infections will develop cervical precancerous and malignant lesions. Approximately 20% of all cervical cancers are attributable to non-16/18 serotypes. This study aims to evaluate the results of our clinical approach to women with this infection.Material and Methods: We conducted an observational and prospective study from September 2012 to September 2017, which included women with isolated non-16/18 high-risk human papillomavirus infection (with normal cytology). After re-evaluation, two groups were compared: women with spontaneous regression of the infection and women with persistent infection. Clinical and demographic data were analysed as well as the rate of progression to precancerous and malignant lesions.Results: We included 165 women, of which 121 were re-evaluated with co-test at least one year later. After re-evaluation, 13.2% of women revealed precancerous lesions but only two (1.7%) of them presented high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Sixty-seven women (55.4%) showed spontaneous regression of the infection and 54 women (44.6%) maintained it. Women with persistent infection developed more precancerous lesions (27.8%; p < 0.001) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (3.7%; p < 0.001). There was also an association between persistent infection and postmenopausal status.Discussion: Human papillomavirus 16/18 cervical infection is associated with higher risk of cervical cancer when compared with other serotypes.Conclusion: Re-evaluation with co-test one year after the diagnosis of isolated non-16/18 human papillomavirus infection seems to be a reasonable approach.

Transcervical Foley catheter induction was associated with a higher rate of CS, probably because it was the preferred method used in group 5.

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 35–37 weeks’ ultrasound for fetal growth restriction (FGR) detection and the impact of 30th–33rd weeks versus 30th–33rd and 35th–37th weeks’ ultrasound on perinatal outcomes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a randomized controlled trial that enrolled 1,061 low-risk pregnant women: 513 in the control group (routine ultrasound performed at 30th–33rd weeks) and 548 in the study group (with an additional ultrasound at 35th–37th weeks). FGR was defined as a fetus with an estimated fetal weight (EFW) below the 10th percentile. <i>p</i> values &#x3c; 0.05 were considered statistically significant. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The ultrasound at 35–37 weeks had an overall accuracy of FGR screening of 94%. Spearman’s correlation coefficient between EFW and birthweight centile was higher for at 35–37 weeks’ ultrasound (ρ = 0.75) compared with 30–33 weeks’ ultrasound (ρ = 0.44). The study group had a lower rate of operative vaginal deliveries (24.4% vs. 39.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and cesarean deliveries for nonreassuring fetal status (16.8% vs. 38.8%, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> A later ultrasound (35–37 weeks) had a high accuracy for detection of FGR and had a higher correlation between EFW and birthweight centiles. Furthermore, it was also associated with lower adverse perinatal outcomes compared to an earlier ultrasound.