It was magnificently attained that PWLLLT significantly accelerated the wound healing process in the experimental model for STZ-induced type I DM rats.

Background:Fractures pose a major worldwide challenge to public health, causing tremendous disability for the society and families. According to recent studies, many in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown the positive effects of PW LLLT on osseous tissue.Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of infrared pulsed wave low-level laser therapy (PW LLLT) on the fracture healing process in a complete tibial osteotomy in a rat model, which was stabilized by an intramedullary pin.Materials and Methods:This experimental study was conducted at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, Iran. We performed complete tibial osteotomies in the right tibias for the population of 15 female rats. The rats were divided randomly into three different groups: I) Control rats with untreated bone defects; II) Rats irradiated by a 0.972 J/cm2 PW LLLT; and III) Rats irradiated by a 1.5 J/cm2 PW LLLT. The right tibias were collected six weeks following the surgery and a three-point bending test was performed to gather results. Immediately after biomechanical examination, the fractured bones were prepared for histological examinations. Slides were examined using stereological method.Results:PW LLLT significantly caused an increase in maximum force (N) of biomechanical repair properties for osteotomized tibias in the first and second laser groups (30.0 ± 15.9 and 32.4 ± 13.8 respectively) compared to the control group (8.6 ± 4.5) LSD test, P = 0.019, P = 0.011 respectively). There was a significant increase in the osteoblast count of the first and second laser groups (0.53 ± 0.06, 0.41 ± 0.06 respectively) compared to control group (0.31 ± 0.04) (LSD test, P = 0001, P = 0.007 respectively).Conclusions:This study confirmed the efficacy of PW LLLT on biomechanical strength, trabecular bone volume, callus volume, and osteoblast number of repairing callus in a complete tibial osteotomy animal model at a relatively late stage of the bone healing process.

Background Vestibular schwannoma is an extra-axial, benign tumor that is mostly located in the cerebellopontine angle. The goal of vestibular schwannoma surgery is gross total resection of the tumor along with preservation of the cranial nerves’ function. Intraoperative nerve monitoring is mainly rewarding in VS surgery. Method This study was observed prospectively from 2011–2021. Patients were divided into two groups; group one 19 patients underwent resection of the tumor with intraoperative neuromonitoring and group two without neuromonitoring based on patients’ ability to economically afford neuromonitoring. In the neuromonitoring group, SSEP is evaluated and recorded throughout the whole surgery. MEP is recorded at regular intervals as well. In this study, we benefit from the cooperation of a trained neurophysiologist. We compare tumor size, hemorrhage volume during surgery, length of surgery, and facial nerve preservation (HB score), with the follow-up of 1* year (0, 2, 6 months, 1y). Result FN anatomical preservation rate in the neuromonitoring group was 100% and in the control group was 75%. The rate of GTR in patients operated on using neuromonitoring was 78.9%. The rate of STR and PR in procedures without neuromonitoring was 50.0% and 12.5% respectively. In 100% of patients with intraoperative neuromonitoring, the HB level was evaluated as good. 68.8% of patients without neuromonitoring had poor HB. Conclusion IONM in VS surgery helps increase anatomical nerve preservation rate and facial nerve outcome. The value of coordination of an anatomically trained neurophysiologist along with real-time video-assisted nerve monitoring is to avoid and lower any delay in nerve recognition.

Introduction: Accompaniment of meningioma with other tumors especially cerebral tumors is quite rare. In some institutes, cases of simultaneous meningioma and glioma are seen and reported previously. Case Presentation: We reported a meningioma with the accompaniment of scalp basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with no signs and symptoms of Gorlin syndrome and no history of radiation. Conclusions: Expression of some adjacent cancerous lesions might have a local cancerous induction effect.

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most common respiratory problem in obese patients with Body Mass Index (BMI) > 30. Although narcotics are the best choice for postoperative pain management, their side effects restrict their utilization in these patients. Therefore, postoperative pain management remains a challenge in morbidly obese patients to reduce narcotic administration and prevent OSA. Methods: 70 obese patients with BMI > 40kg/m2 and BMI > 35kg/m2 with underlying diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, renal disease, and cardiovascular diseases, with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 1 and 2 were enrolled in this clinical trial. Patients who underwent elective laparoscopic Reux-en Y bypass were divided into two groups. Group K received a Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) infusion of Morphine, Paracetamol, and IM Ketorolac. Group M received a PCA infusion of Morphine, and Paracetamol. Patients’ pain scores were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS) immediately after the surgery, 6, 12, 24 hours later, and upon discharge. Results: 64 patients completed the study. Pain scores decreased after the surgery, 6, 12, 24 hours later, and at the time of discharge (5.009±1.7, 3.191±2.21, 2.731±2.82, 2.106±1.48, 1.431±1.25, p<0.001) the mean of the pain score in the group K was significantly different from the group M which received Morphine, at all checkpoints ( 1.7 ± 0.34, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Ketorolac added to the Morphine infusion pump was more effective than the morphine regime in reducing postoperative pain in obese patients.