Adolescence is the significant period in the life of a woman. Menstrual disturbances are the commonest presenting complaint in adolescent age group and unhygienic practices during menstruation can lead to untoward consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease and even infertility. To study the knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2018 to December 2018 among 100 adolescent girls who attended adolescent clinics at Urban Health Training centre of KBNU Medical College, Kalaburagi. The mean age of participants was 16.2 ± 2.1 SD. only 26% of participants were aware about menstruation before menarche. Majority (91%) of participants had knowledge about use of sanitary pads during menstruation but only 78% used them. The most common reason for non usage was the cost of pads (68%). The method of disposal was satisfactory among 62% of participants and 84% of participants change their pads /cloth pieces 2-3 times per day. Restriction of diet during menstruation was seen in 40% and 30% missed school during their periods. Although there was good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls, practice needs to improve. Health education sessions at urban health clinics and schools involving mothers of these adolescent girls can aid to overcome socio cultural practices of restricting movement and diet restrictions during menstruation.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a lifesaving technique that's useful in many emergencies. There is documented evidence that timely performed CPR can prevent sudden death. The quality of CPR depends on the sufficiency of the knowledge of health professionals, with this background the present study was undertaken to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Junior Residents and Medical interns. It is a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2018 among 100 medical interns and junior residents of a tertiary care institute in Karnataka. A Pre tested structured questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among the study participants. The mean knowledge score of MBBS interns was 22.63±4.211 and the mean score of junior residents was 22.06 ± 3.788. Out of the total, 52% of study subjects had fair knowledge, 36% had good knowledge score and only 8% had poor knowledge score. Almost all (90%) the participants had positive attitude towards CPR, 63% of study participants had assisted while performing CPR and 34% had performed CPR independently. The knowledge, attitude and practices of cardiopulmonary resuscitation among the medical interns and junior residents is better in the present study compared to studies conducted in other parts of India. Simulation based training and exposure to more number of CPR practices in real scenarios will further boost up their confidence to perform this life saving technique.

Background: According to Census 2011, India's population stood at 1,21,01,93,422, and the last decade has seen India's population growth by 17.64%. This high growth rate in India is a threat to its developmental and the unlimited utilization has caused various problems like unemployment, overcrowding and environmental pollution. The contraceptive methods have not been widely accepted by a large number of the eligible couples and the extent of acceptance of contraceptive methods still varies within societies and also among different religious groups. This study was done to nd out inuencing factors for the acceptance of contraceptives among the eligible couples of the urban eld practice area, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, KBNU, Kalaburagi. To Objective: nd out the proportion of eligible couples using contraceptive methods and factors inuencing its acceptance among the eligible couples of the urban eld practice area, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, KBNU, Kalaburagi. A Cross- Methodology: sectional study was conducted in urban eld practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, KBNU, Kalaburagi. Socio-demographic details, contraceptive methods used and factors inuencing its usage were collected using pre-tested, semistructured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using Epi-Info 7 software and appropriate statistical tests were applied. Level of signicance was set at a P value of<0.05. Out of 357 populations, 95 belonged to the age group 26-30 years. 121(33.8 Results: 9%) opted for tubectomy, 38(10.64%) were taking OCP'S, 25(7%) using condoms, 11(3.08%) have IUCD'S, 3(0.84%) were using injectable contraceptives, and only 1 opted for vasectomy. Statistically signicant association of contraceptive acceptance was found with type of family, early years of marriage, education of the husband, more number of living children and presence of male child. In order Conclusions: to make family planning effective, counseling and education should be provided to eligible couples to dismiss false facts regarding side effects of contraceptive methods.

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The growth and development of child is a strong reflection of country's growth and development. Being most vulnerable segment of the society the preschoolers are at greatest risk of malnutrition for it is their growing period that demands high intake of protein and calories. To find out the prevalence of undernutrition among 1-5 years children in Urban Ballari. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2018 to June 2018 which included 700 children in the age group of 1-5 years residing in Ballari urban. Of total 700 study subjects, boys constituted 49.7% and girls 50.3%. The overall prevalence of under nutrition among the study subjects based on weight for age parameter was found to be 40.6%. (Normal- 59.4%, Moderate under nutrition- 22%, Severe under nutrition - 18.6%). Prevalence of stunting and wasting was 43.2% and 23.9% respectively. The result of the study is indicative of high prevalence of undernutrition among children in the age group of 1-5 years in Ballari City.