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Trimmings are an ornamental addition used on clothing and home furnishing such as facing, piping, braids, cords, laces, tassels patches, borders etc. Market is flooded with trimmings of numerous sizes, shapes, styles and colours. The study was conducted to know the latest trends of trimmings. Ten shopkeepers purposively selected ten shops and thirty consumers visiting these shops were selected on the basis of responsively to collect information regarding existing trends of trimmings. The information regarding availability of trimmings and sale of trimmings was collected through shopkeepers. Thirty consumers visiting these trimming shops were selected as respondents to know their usage pattern of trimmings for apparels. The information was collected using self-structured interview schedule and by observations. Majority of respondents preferred surface embellishments for female wears followed by children and male wears. The ornamentation materials (beads, sequins, rhinestone etc.) and readymade decorative trimmings were the most preferred types of surface embellishments used for female apparels. Majority of consumers preferred piping and facing as functional trimmings and laces and borders as decorative trimmings for formal, casual and night female wears. Most of consumers preferred laces, borders and tassels, as decorative trimmings for female formal wears.

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Abstract. CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (NPL) India is a National Metrology Institute (NMI), which disseminate traceability of the physical parameters in the country. In the field of microwave, it is one of the apex laboratories to provide traceability. In this paper, the method for precession measurement of effective source reflection coefficient using resistive power splitter and mismatch uncertainty evaluation are reported and discussed. Juroshek method is implemented in conjunction with Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) for mismatch uncertainty evaluation by measuring source reflection coefficient from measured S parameters. The measurement results and their associated uncertainty are presented and discussed from 1 MHz to 18 GHz of the resistive power splitter. The complex reflection coefficient of the effective source is determined using indigenously developed automation software. The method adopted is the most convenient way of measuring effective source reflection coefficient whose values are smaller than the manufacturer specs. The mismatch uncertainty has been improved, which is beneficial during the calibration of power sensors along with power meters.