The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of odontogenic cyst in an Indian population and compare it with various reports from the other geographic areas of the world. The files on odontogenic jaw cysts treated between 2001 and 2011 at the oral and maxillofacial surgery unit were retrieved retrospectively. Patient's demographic information mainly age, sex and location of the lesion was recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The diagnosis of odontogenic cyst accounted in 150 cases and accounted for 15.31 % of all lesions biopsied throughout the period. Mean age of the patient was 32.2 years, and 58 % were males. The overall male to female ratio was 1.38:1. Radicular cyst was most prevalent histological type (48.67 %) followed by dentigerous cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, lateral periodontal cyst, paradental cyst, residual cyst, adult gingival cyst, glandular odontogenic cyst, calcifying odontogenic cyst. The most common locations of the odontogenic cysts were the mandibular (49.33 %) and posterior region (33.33 %). The distribution pattern of odontogenic cyst in this study is relatively similar to that in other parts of the world but there are some geographic differences with regard to the relative frequency, sex, and anatomic distribution of the odontogenic cyst.

Objectives This study was undertaken to compare the anesthetic properties of 4 % Articaine hydrochloride and 2 % Lidocaine both with 1:100,000 epinephrine for mandibular inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia. Materials and Methods Thirty healthy patients were included in this randomized double-blind clinical cross over study. Each subject received each test solution at different times. Inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia was used for extraction of bilateral impacted mandibular third molar on different occassions. The time of onset of action, duration of anesthesia, efficacy of anesthesia, hemodynamic parameters and oxygen saturation were monitored during the procedure. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain during surgery, and thus subjectively evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of the two solutions. Results No statistically significant differences were seen in the onset and duration of anesthesia between the Articaine and Lidocaine solutions. Conclusions 4 % Articaine offers better clinical performance than 2 % Lidocaine, particularly in terms of latency and duration of the anesthetic effect. However, no statistically significant differences in anesthetic efficacy were recorded between the two solutions.

Supraorbital neuralgia is a rare disorder accounting for 4% of incidence with hallmark of localized pain in or above the eyebrow, clinically characterized by the following triad: (1) forehead pain in the area supplied by the supraorbital nerve, (2) tenderness on either the supraorbital notch and (3) absolute, but transitory relief of symptoms upon supraorbital nerve blockade. The pain presents with a chronic or intermittent pattern. The persistence of protracted unilateral forehead/occular pain, tenderness over the nerve and repeated blockade effect strongly suggest the diagnosis. Surgical treatment can be used when the medical treatment fails or in patients who do not tolerate the pharmacological treatment.

Aim Investigate the efficacy of peripheral neurectomy as a surgical procedure in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and to evaluate the results obtained by this procedure and their recurrences in a period of three years followup. Materials and Methods Thirty patients were retrospectively reviewed who underwent peripheral neurectomy. The factors analyzed were the demographic details of the patients, side of involvement, branch of nerve involved and procedure used postoperative complications, prognosis and any additional procedure used in cases of recurrences. Results The mean age of the patient was 57.1 years (range 35-71 years) more were males (M:F = 1.73:1) and the surgical treatment was peripheral neurectomy of the involved branch following failure of carbamazepine therapy. There was no intra operative and postoperative complications noted and follow up over 3 years revealed only two cases (6.66%) of recurrence. Two patients were lost to followup, total number evaluated between 0 and 3 years after treatment was 28 patients. Conclusion Peripheral neurectomy is one of the oldest, minimal invasive forms of surgery, well tolerated by the patient and can be done under local anesthesia.

Introduction: The friction generated during orthodontic treatment seems of concern in terms of anchorage and treatment duration. Different ligation methods have been developed to reduce the friction as compared with regular elastic modules. This study aimed to evaluate and to compare static and kinetic friction generated in ceramic brackets with metal slot and epoxy resin-coated stainless steel esthetic wire by using different ligation materials in wet condition (artificial saliva). Materials and Methods: A total of 40 epoxy-coated stainless steel wires and metal slot ceramic brackets were divided into 4 groups of 10 each and ligated using 4 different methods as follows: (1) super slick elastic modules, (2) slide elastic modules, (3) Teflon-coated esthetic stainless steel wire, and (4) regular elastic modules. They were then immersed in artificial saliva for 1 hour before testing their static and kinetic friction using a universal testing machine. Results: The intergroup comparison showed statistically significant differences for static and kinetic friction among all the 4 groups, where group 2 (slide modules) showed the least static as well as kinetic friction as compared with the other 3 groups. Conclusions: (1) Slide modules produced the least amount of friction compared with all other methods of ligation when epoxy resin-coated stainless steel archwire was used in ceramic bracket with 0.22˝ metal slot in wet condition. (2) Super slick modules produced the least friction in comparison with regular elastomeric and Teflon-coated ligature groups but produced greater friction than slide modules. (3) Teflon-coated stainless steel ligature produced the highest friction; however, it was not statistically significant when compared with the conventional elastic ligature. (4) In all clinical situations during the retraction stage, a large amount of friction is created in the buccal segment; hence, it is advisable to use slide modules in the buccal segment to reduce static and kinetic friction.