The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Punjab Education and English Language Initiative (PEELI) interventions (2018-19) on professional skills of primary school teachers in Punjab using Stufflebeam’s CIPP evaluation model (1983). PEELI is a collaborative project between the Government of the Punjab and British Council being implemented through Quaid-e-Azam Academy for Educational Development Punjab, Pakistan. In this qualitative research, data has been obtained through British Council’s Annual Reports, quarterly reports of third party, semi-structured interviews with four stakeholders, twelve trainers and thirty six primary school teachers in twelve districts of Punjab. The findings suggest that PEELI interventions have created positive impact on classroom delivery for making it child-centric. The study recommends the following strategies to achieve positive outcomes: needs analysis of primary teachers in the beginning of the project, equal opportunity of training to young and senior primary teachers, continuous professional development of teachers and developing follow up mechanism.

The present research is an attempt to explore the discourses of political cartoons published in Pakistani Urdu and English newspapers representing the war against terror impacts on Pakistan’s economy. Newspapers’ linguistic and semiotic representations of war against terror impacts on Pakistan’s economy are ideologically loaded and employed in the construction and deconstruction of the realities of post 9/11 scenario in a desired way. The research uses multimodal critical discourse approach (Machin, 2007) along with Van Leeuwen’s framework for recontextualisation (2008) and Fairclough’s (2003) framework for visual and linguistic analyses of the political cartoons to explore the hidden ideologies. The visual and linguistic analyses of the political cartoons pay careful attention to how discourses are chosen and then represented visually and linguistically to promote particular interests and ideologies that shape public perception of the reality.

This paper aims at evaluating journalist voice in the Pakistani print media discourse. Journalists are supposed to make valuefree reporting, but the analysis of  newspaper texts shows that the journalists appraise and the news reports voice newspapers’ stance  (Bednarek, 2006). Therefore, media discourses always present a particular left or rightwing stance loaded with subjective evaluations (White and Thompson, 2008). While previous studies have focused on reportage phenomena of different news genres and perspective comparisons with a primary focus on language in the context of politics for an ideology, this paper explores evaluative patterns - based on the appraisal framework (Martin and White, 2005) of discourse analysis developed within Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday and Matthiessen, 2014) with a focus on appraisal domains of attitude, engagement and graduation - in Pakistani news reporting to find a reporter voice. The analysis shows that the said news reporting is not value free.

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Objectives: (1) To evaluate the risk of malignancy in surgically removed ovarian cysts that was before the operation neither simple nor complex. (2) To determine the relationship of age with type of ovarian tumour. (3) To categorize the management of these cases according to the intra-operative findings. (4) To analyze the occurrence of various histopathological types of tumour. Date Source: Medline Study Design: Single centered prospective descriptive study of 150 cases. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Shaikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from 1st July 2005 to,31st December 2006. Subject and method: 150 patients presented with adnexal cysts on preoperative ultrasonography, peroperative findings and histopathology reports. These patients were followed up in OPD. Results: Showed the distribution of non-neoplastic and neoplastic tumours which were 84% and 16% respectively. The occurrence of malignancy increased with advancing age especially after 45 years Common presentations were lower abdominal pain (53%) followed by menstrual disturbances (30%), abdominopelvic mass, abdominal distension and infertility. Risk of malignancy also increased with parity. 73% masses were unilateral, 84% benign masses were unilocular whilst 85% malignant masses were echogenic and the complex cysts with papillary projection and multiloculations showed 3-6 times higher risk of malignancy. Most patients were managed by exploratory laparotomy. Cystectomy and total abdominal hysterectomy were the commonest procedures performed. Regarding histopathologic evaluation 40% patients had tumours, 2.66% borderline malignancy and 13.3% malignant. 44% had non-neoplastic lesions. Serous and endometriotic cysts were the commonest benign histopathologic types and among malignant ones, epithelial ovarian tumours were the leading variants. Conclusions: Preoperative characterization of adnexal masses using sonographic and demographic data may have considerable potential in determining risk of malignancy and may be advantageous in terms of counseling patients for management.