The presence of appendicitis in an incarcerated femoral hernia is an extremely rare occurrence, known as De Garengeot's hernia, with potentially serious complications. An incarcerated femoral hernia was noticed intraoperatively, and the hernial sac, closely fused with femoral blood vessels, contained the phlegmonously inflamed vermiform appendix. Appendectomy and mesh hernioplasty were carried out. The postoperative period was uneventful.

Pancreatic pseudocysts occur as a complication of acute or chronic pancreatitis. Despite constant development of minimally invasive techniques, surgery is still the most important therapeutic option for these patients. An optimal time for pseudocyst operative treatment varies depending on the lesion cause, stage, and presence of complications. The aim of our study was to determine the importance of the time of surgery in relation to the pseudocyst type and stage for the treatment outcome. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of 68 patients operated for pseudocysts at the Surgery Clinic, Clinical Center Nis. From among 50 patients that underwent elective surgery, external pseudocyst drainage was done in 6 due to its "immature", thin wall. Further, external drainage was performed in 15 urgently operated patients with complicated pseudocysts. The rest of the patients from both groups received an internal drainage procedure. There were no deaths. A controlled postoperative pancreatic fistula occured in 2 patients after elective internal drainage surgery and in 7 patients with complicated pseudocysts in whom urgent external drainage was done. Acute and chronic pseudocysts older than 6 to 8 weeks with formed mature capsule that do not show the tendency to resolve spontaneously require surgical or endoscopic drainage. Internal surgical drainage procedure should not be performed for immature and complicated pseudocysts with thin wall, which have to be treated with external drainage. An optimal time of surgery for pseudocysts may be crucial for the treatment success.

Non-parasitic benign liver cysts are relatively common and cause symptoms due to their growth and compression on adjacent structures. Percutaneous management, as a less invasive, cheaper, safe and effective method, represents the treatment of choice for these lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of singlesession alcohol sclerotherapy versus prolonged catheter drainage in the treatment of simple liver cysts. In our prospective study, 42 consecutive patients with symptomatic solitary simple liver cyst were randomized into two groups: 21 patients treated with aspiration and single-session alcohol sclerotherapy (group A), and 21 patients with aspiration and prolonged negative pressure catheter drainage (group B). Cyst volume reduction rates, lenght of hospital stay, and occurrence of complications related to the procedure were analyzed and compared. Our results indicate that prolonged negative pressure catheter drainage and single-session alcohol sclerotherapy produced similar treatment results. Nevertheless, a longer time needed for the procedure, higher costs and greater patient's discomfort, as well as the risk of higher recurrence rate, might make prolonged catheter drainage a less desirable method of treatment of simple hepatic cysts.

Introduction Bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele is a rare entity in childhood. The etiology of abdominoscrotal hydrocele has not been fully clarified. The diagnosis is based on clinical examination, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment is surgery. Case outline This paper presents an eight-month-old boy who was admitted at the department of pediatric surgery due to bilateral swellings in the scrotum area. The changes were first noticed when he was three months old and the diagnosis of bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele was confirmed after the scrotum ultrasound examination. When the patient was six and eight months old, the symptoms have significantly increased, the magnetic resonance of the abdomen and the lesser pelvis was performed, and the bilateral abdominoscrotal hydrocele was successfully treated with inguinal surgery. The operative and postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion In this paper, we presented a rare form of hydrocele in children, as well as diagnostic evaluation that involved ultrasound and magnetic resonance examination. Surgical treatment by inguinal approach is also presented.

Introduction/Objective. Epidemiological research shows that we have a dramatic increase in the number of people with hip fractures, especially those over 65 years of age. The objectives of this study are to assess the association between preoperative comorbidity and the risk of postoperative complications and mortality and postoperative worsening of comorbid conditions and their relationship to mortality within one year of hip fracture surgery. Methods. In this retrospective study, from January 2018 until January 2020, 64 patients with hip fractures were operated on at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery in Kosovska Mitrovica. We monitored the number of comorbidities and their significance on the preoperative risk and the course of concomitant diseases in the postoperative period and one-year mortality after surgery, in patients with hip fractures. Results. We collected data on patients from the moment of admission to discharge from the hospital accompanied by medical histories, and after discharge after follow-up examinations, six months and one year from discharge. Of the total number of subjects, 23 (35.9%) had one or two comorbidities, most often of cardiac and neurological nature, in 25 patients (39.1%) we had three concomitant diseases, and in 11 (17.2%) four and more comorbidities. The mean age of the patients was 72.51 years (69?92 years). Conclusion. Approximately 45?60% of men and women who suffer a hip fracture have three or more comorbid states. In older people with hip fractures, the presence of three or more comorbidities is the strongest preoperative risk factor.