Introduction Mamushi bites are the most common venomous snakebites in Japan. The clinical course of a common mamushi bite is known, and its alarming complication and cause of death are acute renal failure due to the venom. However, reports of mamushi bites in kidney transplant recipients are lacking, and the clinical course is unknown. Case presentation A 66‐year‐old man who was bitten by a mamushi 3 years after kidney transplantation. Similar to the course of a typical mamushi bite, his severity gradually worsened to its peak 3 days after the bite, after which he turned lightly. A sufficient amount of infusion and continued immunosuppressive drugs were used to avoid acute renal failure. Conclusion Even if the mamushi bite occurs in a kidney transplant recipient, the course and management may be the same as usual by continuing the immunosuppressive drugs and a sufficient amount of infusion.

Transumbilical LESS-A confers less postoperative pain and better cosmetic satisfaction than conventional laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Therefore, this procedure could potentially become a standard treatment option for benign adrenal tumors.

Background In prostate cancer treatment, lower urinary tract symptoms significantly improve with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists use compared with agonists. However, it is unclear whether luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists can decrease acute urinary tract toxicity during external beam radiotherapy. This study aimed to assess whether luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists used as neoadjuvant therapy reduced acute urinary tract toxicity during external beam radiotherapy compared with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. Methods The study included 78 patients who underwent intensity-modulated radiation therapy for intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer between April 2013 and January 2020. Irradiation was initiated after 3–6 months of neoadjuvant therapy. Androgen deprivation therapy was given to the intermediate-risk group for 6 months and the high-risk group for 2–3 years. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group toxicity grading scale was used to evaluate the urinary tract system toxicity. Relevant clinical factors were used in matching patients based on propensity scores to enable comparison between the groups. Results Each group had 27 matched patients. There was no reduction in urinary tract toxicity with the use of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormon antagonists (P = 0.624). For patients with an International Prostate Symptom Score of ≥11 at the start of treatment, 18 patients in each group were matched. Significantly lower scores were observed in the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormon antagonist group (P = 0.041). Conclusions Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormon antagonists may reduce acute urinary tract toxicity during prostate cancer external beam radiotherapy compared with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormon agonists, in particular in patients with moderate to severe symptoms at the start of treatment.

Although there is a little extension of the operating time, LESS nephrectomy in hemodialysis patients is a feasible procedure compared with the conventional method.

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