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Owing to their quick response as compared to conventional hydraulic brakes, magnetorheological brakes (MR brakes) are being investigated for a variety of applications. MR brakes usually operate in a shear mode, and thus, lower braking torque is observed to be limiting factor for their adoption for applications like road vehicles. This work presents experimental investigations on shear and squeeze mode MR brake which may potentially offer higher torque as compared to shear mode MR brake. Design of the brakes including the squeeze mechanism is presented which is followed by analytical estimation of output torque for both types of brakes. Experimental investigations in terms of braking torque for various levels of influencing parameters, viz. input current and speed and temperature rise during brake actuation, are carried out with the help of specially designed experimental setup. The analytical and experimental results for both types of MR brakes are compared and discussed. Correlation analysis is made using MINITAB to ascertain the effect of influencing parameters on brake torque output. Though the marginal rise in torque output is observed with squeeze mode MR brake, further design efforts are essential for exploring and realizing squeeze mode MR brake applications.

This 58-year-old man presented with a left frontal bone lesion that had been growing over a 2-year period. The lesion increased in size, resulting in proptosis that affected the patient's visual acuity and eyeball movement. On computerized tomography and x-ray studies, a huge lesion located between the widened frontal diploic bone and involving the orbital roof and paranasal sinuses was noted. The entire lesion was radically resected. The authors unexpectedly found that an intradiploic organized hematoma had caused the swelling.