Arabic gum (Acacia senegal, AG) is proven effective antioxidant and cytoprotective agent. The present study was designed to test this notion by investigating the possible role of AG against the radiographic contrast medium (Ioxitalamate, Telebrix-35®, TBX)-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity. Albino rats were divided into four groups and supplied with either; distilled water, daily 10% (w/v) AG, an intravenous dose of TBX (1600 mg I/kg b.wt) and co-administration of TBX and AG. Rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected to assess the genotoxicity employing the peripheral blood leucocytes fluorescent double staining; namely the acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining and alkaline comet assay. Further, chromosomal analyses were done in bone marrow cells. Serum urea and creatinine levels, in addition to malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) levels in kidney tissues were measured. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS-MS) was performed to identify the chemical composition of AG extract. Kidney functions, single/double-stranded DNA damage, chromosomal aberrations, mitotic index, MDA and NO levels were significantly (p < 0.001) increased in TBX-treated group compared to the control and AG-treated one. Meanwhile, CAT and GSH activities were significantly diminished and the AG supplementation significantly (p < 0.001) ameliorated these effects compared with the control and AG-treated groups. Five compounds have been identified using GNPS networking including 7,3′,4′-Trihydroxyisoflavone, Noscapine, Tetrahydropapaveroline, Costunolide, Hesperidin. In conclusion, results of the present study suggest that AG exerted a protective role against TBX-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity which may be attributed to the active metabolites in the gum.

Aim of the work-This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of silymarin (SIL) and vitamin E (Vit.E) against changes induced by mobile phone radiation in the liver of male albino rats. Matrerial and methods-Total of 48 adult male albino rats were assigned for this study. The 1 st group served as control (n=6); the 2 nd group exposed to mobile phone generator radiation (900MHz) for 2hr/day 3days/week for two months, 3 rd group (+ve control) supplemented with SIL, 4 th group (+ve control) supplemented with Vit.E, 5 th group (+ve control) supplemented with SIL and Vit.E, 6 th group: exposed group supplemented with SIL, 7 th group : exposed group supplemented with Vit.E and 8 th group exposed group supplemented with SIL and Vit.E.Physiological , histopathological and histochemical changes were studied.Results-Exposure to mobile phone causes reduction in RBCs, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH and MCHC. However, WBCs count, platelets count, lymphocytes % and neutrophil %were increased.Also, there were increases in liver enzyme activities ALAT, ASAT and ALP in serum and liver tissue significantly and increased oxidative stress markers (MDA and H 2 O 2).While, antioxidants (CAT and GSH) were decreased in serum and liver tissue. Numerous histopathological changes were detected in the liver tissue of rats of the irradiated group with altered collagen fibres, polysaccharides and total protein in hepatocytes of the central and portal areas of the liver tissue in the exposed group These changes manifested good amelioration in the exposed groups that supplemented with SIL and/or Vit.E. Conclusion-Treatment of rats with SIL and/or Vit.E ameliorated the dangerous effect of mobile phone radiation.

The goal of the current investigation was to assess the potential therapeutic efficacy of administering clove oil nanoemulsion to treat certain pulmonary problems that male mice's exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) had generated.It has been demonstrated that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) might have detrimental effects on health and lead to diseases of the respiratory system. Although clove oil possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, its pungent taste, chemical instability, and limited water solubility place restrictions on how much of its potential can be utilised. To get over this limitation, a nanoemulsion of clove oil (NE-CLV) was created. Material and methods: Five groups, each with ten mice, were formed from the fifty mature male mice. SOD and GPx are determined as antioxidants and MDA as an indicator of oxidative stress. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were determined in the lung tissue. Genotoxicity was evaluated by using a laddered DNA fragmentation assay. Histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain. Results: SOD and GPx were decreased. While, MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were increased in the injected Titanium dioxide nanoparticles group. Coadministration of the clove oil nano-emulsion ameliorates the changes in these parameters and the histopathological changes. Also, reduced the DNA damage caused by nano titanium and restored the integrity of the genomic DNA. Conclusion: This study's goal was to ascertain whether clove oil nanoemulsion (NE-CLV) could reduce the toxicity of TiO2 NPs by regulating oxidative changes, restoring them to their original state, and preventing genotoxic damage. Therefore, it appears that NE-CLV can be used as a helpful hemoprotective to prevent the toxicity that is brought on by exposure to TiO2 NPs.

The goal of the current study was to investigate the hormonal modulatory efficiency of hesperidin, through its regulatory potential of immunological, inflammatory, and/or antioxidant changes in on hyperthyroidism modeled adult female albino rats. Both normal and hyperthyroidism modeled rats (140-160g) were randomly divided into four groups (10 animals each) as follows: 1) healthy animals were daily ingested with saline for six weeks, and served as control group, 2) healthy animals were intraperitoneally injected with hesperidin (50 mg/kg/day) for a similar period, 3) hyperthyroidism-modeled animals without any treatment acted as positive control, and 4) hyperthyroidism-modeled animals were treated intraperitoneally with hesperidin for a similar period. The findings showed that hesperidin significantly modulated hyperthyroidism deteriorations, this was evidenced by a remarkable decline in serum T4, FT4, T3, FT3, TNF-α, IL1β-, IL4-, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, with a minor increase in TSH and significant raise in CD4+ level. Similarly, valuable improvement was observed in the oxidative status; serum SOD, GPx, CAT, and GSH levels were dramatically enhanced, associated with remarkable drop in MDA and NO levels. Also, hesperidin demonstrated nephro-hepatoprotective and anti-atherogenic potential, this was achieved from the notable reduction in ALAT and ASAT activities as well as urea, creatinine, cholesterol, and triglyceride close to the corresponding values of healthy group. These findings were supported by histological and immunohistochemical ones that showed a notable decrease in the expression of the calcitonin antibody. In conclusion, hesperidin possesses anti-hyperthyroidism, immunoinflammatory regulatory, and antioxidant activities that evidenced from the improvement of physio-architecture of the thyroid gland, reduction of inflammation and restoration of the impaired oxidative stress. This effect might be mechanized through immunological, inflammatory, apoptotic, and/or antioxidant modulatory pathways.

Aim of the work:This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of silymarin (SIL) and\or vitamin E (Vit.E) against changes induced by mobile phone radiation in the heart of male albino rats. Matrerial and methods:Total of 48 adult male albino rats were assigned for this study. The 1 st group served as control (n=6), the 2 nd group exposed to mobile phone generator radiation (900MHz) for 2hr/day 3days/week for two months, 3 rd group (+ve control) supplemented with SIL, 4 th group (+ve control) supplemented with Vit. E, 5 th group (+ve control) supplemented with SIL and Vit.E, 6th group: exposed group supplemented with SIL, 7 th group: exposed group supplemented with Vit.E and 8 th group exposed group supplemented with SIL and Vit.E. Physiological ,histopathological and histochemical changes were studied.Results: Exposure to mobile phone causes increases in activities of CPK, CK-MB and LDH enzymes in serum and heart tissue and oxidative stress markers (MDA and H 2 O 2),while antioxidants (CAT and GSH) were decreased in the heart tissue. Sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) levels were decreased While, K level showed non-significant change in serum. Numerous histopathological changes were detected in the heart tissue of rats of the irradiated group with altered collagen fibres, polysaccharides in the cardiac muscle fibres of the exposed group. These changes manifested good amelioration in the exposed groups that supplemented with SIL and/or Vit.E. Conclusion:Treatment of rats with SIL and/or Vit.E ameliorated the dangerous effect of mobile phone radiation occurred in the cardiac muscle fibres.