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The AgNPs-IPN's has been successfully prepared by synthesized biosynthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Zizyphus Spina Christi L leaves extract and then linked with polymer network derived from cured epoxy with lignin to produce (AgNPs-IPN's) and characterized by using X-Ray, FTIR, TGA, DTG, SEM, and TEM surface morphology analysis and then used as adsorbent of methylene blue dye from synthetic wastewater. Parameter like pH, contact time, methylene blue concentration, and adsorbent dose concentration was studied. Methylene blue removal increased when the dosage of biosorbent increases. Isotherm adsorption was also described by the Langmuir and Freundleich models, It was found that Langmuir isotherm (R 2 = 0.9956) is better than the Freundlich model (R 2 = 0.9937) which implies that the adsorption of MB on AgNPs-IPN's was monolayer. Thus the maximum adsorption capacities calculated from the Langmuir model was found to be 33.5 mg.g −1 and was consistent with the experimental data. The synthesized AgNPs-IPN's showed an excellent activity towards the removal of methylene blue from synthetic wastewater.

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The study aimed to compare vitrified medium (Soya lecithin 1% and 0.25 M sucrose) with tris-citric acid fructose-egg yolk 20%-glycerol 3% (TCF-EY-GL) for freezing of canine semen and assess the impact of adding ascorbic acid to both extenders on the post-thawing semen quality. Semen was collected from 3 healthy and fertile German shepherd dogs by digital manipulation and stimulation of the bulbus glandis. Collected semen was initially evaluated by a computerized assisted semen analyzer (CASA). Ejaculates from the dogs were pooled and divided into 4 equal parts and diluted 1:1 with the following 4 extenders: TCF-EY-GL with ascorbic acid (Ex1), TCF-EY-GL without ascorbic acid (Ex2), vitrified medium with ascorbic acid (Ex3) and vitrified medium without ascorbic acid (Ex4). The extended semen allowed for equilibrating for 1 h in a refrigerator set at 4 ºC then packed into 0.5ml straws. Straws containing semen diluted in Ex1 and2 were frozen by the conventional method however, those containing semen diluted in Ex3 and Ex4 (vitrified media) were plunged directly in liquid nitrogen. Semen samples were evaluated by CASA immediately after thawing. Results revealed that progressive motility, normal morphology, and acrosome integrity were significantly higher in vitrified medium (Soya lecithin 1% and 0.25 M sucrose) than those obtained in TCF-EY-glycerol however, plasma membrane integrity was significantly improved in TCF-EY-GL compared with that observed in the vitrified medium. Addition of ascorbic acids to vitrified medium and TCF-EY-GL resulted in a significant increase in all semen quality parameters. Total sperm motility, progressive motility, and normal sperm morphology were significantly higher in vitrified medium with ascorbic acid than those observed in TCF-EY-GL with ascorbic acid. It was concluded that the addition of ascorbic acid to vitrified medium or TCF-EY-GL extender resulted in significant improvement in postthawing canine semen quality and the vitrified medium can be used as a good alternative for TCF-EY-GL extender to facilitate freezing and avoid undesirable use of EY.