Studying the origins and transformations of a public square throughout time is extremely important, since it motivates its preservation and the consecration of its history. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out historic-cultural and landscape analyses of Dr. José Esteves Square and its whereabouts, built near a train station located in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This research focused on the period between 1721 (settlement) and 2014. Dr. José Esteves Square was created to ornate and supports the arrival of passengers at the train station of Lavras. The way this public square was built is somewhat different from most public squares in Brazil, which are normally constructed around a church. Lack of maintenance, due to privatization, and the abandonment of train station facilities, made the gardens and areas around Dr. José Esteves Square lose their importance and the aesthetic characteristics they once had. Keywords: historical gardens, landscaping, Minas Gerais, railroads, Estrada Real (Royal Road). RESUMO Jardins de áreas de Estação de Trem: a criação e evolução da Praça Dr. José Esteves em Lavras-MGO estudo da origem e transformação de uma praça ao longo do tempo é de extrema importância, ocasionando a sua conservação e a consagração de sua história. Neste contexto objetivou-se realizar a análise histórico-cultural e paisagística da praça Dr. José Esteves e seu entorno, situada em Lavras MG, Brasil, originada próxima à estação ferroviária da cidade. A pesquisa centrou-se entre os anos 1721 (fundação do município) a 2014. A praça Dr. José Esteves foi criada com o intuito de ornar e dar apoio à chegada de passageiros pela Estação de Lavras. Sua formação ocorreu diferentemente da maioria das praças brasileiras, que normalmente tiveram sua construção relacionada a uma igreja. A falta de manutenção, associada à privatização e ao abandono dos prédios da ferrovia, fez com que seus jardins e adjacências perdessem a importância e as características estéticas que possuíam no passado.

Tiradentes Square, an Ouro Preto's importante place, has importance in the regional and national scenery. There are studies about its surroundings but no information concerning its historical evolution. In prospect to know its evolutionary process and identifying its landscape representation in the collective unconscious of the inhabitants from Ouro Preto-MG, it was analyzed the city's urban development and the transformations undergone by this square. The applied method had an interface between inventive and subjective analyzes. This study focused its interest on its morphological transformations and its social representation. It was possible to identify the physical evolution processes and the place's practices using inventive analysis, and esthetic and symbolic values using the subjective analysis. Tiradentes Square showed his vocation to represent the government, reaching its peak when it received the monument to Tiradentes, becoming a national symbol during the twentieth century. Keywords: historical garden, heritage, landscaping. RESUMO Transformações físicas e apropriações sociais da Praça Tiradentes em Ouro Preto-MGA Praça Tiradentes, um dos locais de destaque de Ouro Preto, é um lugar de importância no cenário regional e nacional. Existem estudos sobre seu entorno, mas não há informações sobre sua evolução histórica. Na perspectiva de conhecer seu processo evolutivo e identificar suas representações paisagísticas no inconsciente coletivo dos habitantes de Ouro Preto-MG, analisaram-se o desenvolvimento urbano da cidade e as transformações sofridas por esta praça. O método aplicado foi uma interface entre as análises inventiva e subjetiva. Este estudo centrou seu interesse em suas transformações morfológicas e na sua representação social. Com a análise inventiva, foi possível identificar os processos de evolução física e as práticas do lugar e, com a subjetiva, os valores estéticos e simbólicos. A Praça Tiradentes evidenciou sua vocação para representar o poder público, atingindo seu auge quando acolheu o monumento a Tiradentes, tornando-se símbolo nacional no decorrer do século XX. Palavras-chave: jardins históricos, patrimônio, paisagismo.

Considered as the first village from Minas Gerais state, Mariana has important cultural and historical collections from the Brazilian colonial period. Currently the city has three squares in the historic center, and they are recognized for the historical heritage. Gomes Freire’s Square, set in the historic center of Mariana, has two interesting characteristics: its location behind the Main Church and the intensity use by many social groups in this city, furthermore the large presence of tourists. In the prospect of meeting its historical evolution, and identify the landscape representation in the collective unconscious of Mariana’s inhabitants, it was analyzed the evolution of the village and formation of the Gomes Freire’s Square. To achieve this goal it was necessary to deepen the knowledge of the social appropriation of this space over time, enabling the identification of the same, as well as its evolution as a public place. The study focused its interest in the village evolution, in the uses and social representation of the covered space. For this, the methodology applied was an interface between the inventive analysis, subjective method analysis, and recommendations for preservation of historic gardens. Gomes Freire’s Square, in its formation process presented as remarkable feature in its historical dimension, the fact that emerged and remained as a space of popular demonstrations.

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The historic garden should be considered one that has cultural significance, being not only the squares and public gardens, but also its first manifests found in the form of orchard garden and vegetable garden in the historic farms of Brazil. Traituba's Farm located in southern Minas Gerais, on the Royal Road route, is considered an important historical farm that emerged in the eighteenth century during the settlement process of this region. It was in the same period, that current rural landscape from southern Minas Gerais, composed of several other historic farms and the historic rural gardens began their formation process. The aim of this study was to conduct a historical and cultural rescue of the gardens and landscapes of the Traituba's Farm. With this rescue, characterize and analyze their landscapes in their different ages, as well as identify and understand the main morphological changes of its gardens included in the architectural complex of the farm. This study focused on the period between 1725 and 2013. To trace the historical, cultural and landscape evolution, it was made researches through site visits, interviews, bibliographic and iconographic research, always following the principles of studies of historic gardens. Traituba's Farm since its formation was always a region icon, because of its wealth, power and intense trade. Its landscapes have undergone many changes and are characterized initially as a pastoral model, then the bucolic and picturesque style, after the construction of the new farmhouse. With the decline of its activities, decades later the model that remained was the picturesque and pastoral as its origin. For a long time, its gardens were presented as orchards gardens and vegetable gardens with utilitarian characteristics, influenced by the Portuguese culture. Just in 1950s the front yard received a significant intervention and new species were planted where that the design can be seen until today. The significance of this paper is due to the historical value of the Traituba's Farm, the magnificence of its architectural ensemble, peculiarity of gardens and landscapes, and great cultural representation in the region. Keywords: history, historical gardens, Royal Road, bucolic landscape, picturesque landscape. RESUMO Transformações nos jardins e paisagens da histórica Fazenda TraitubaO jardim histórico deve ser considerado aquele que possui significado cultural, sendo não apenas as praças e os jardins públicos, mas também seus primeiros manifestos, encontrados em forma de jardim-pomar e jardim-horta nas fazendas históricas do Brasil. A Fazenda Traituba localizada no sul Minas Gerais, na rota da Estrada Real, é considerada uma importante fazenda histórica que surgiu no século XVIII durante o processo de povoamento dessa região. Foi neste mesmo período, que a atual paisagem rural sul mineira, compostas de outras diversas fazendas históricas e seus jardins rurais históricos, iniciou seu processo de formação. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um resgate histórico e cultural dos ...