and Slovenia. We only deal with the CEECs including Bulgaria and Romania whose accession is postponed until 2007 or 2008, according to the latest declarations by EU officials. Because of data limitations, we restrict our sample of Mediterranean economies to five countries: Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia and Turkey.
-This article focuses on the determinants of European FDI (foreign direct investment) in the Central and Eastern Europe countries (CEECs). Our estimation is run on a panel data set covering the 1993-1998 period. Our results show that wage costs differences between the CEECs do not affect the pattern of FDI contrary to wage differences between European Union (EU) member countries and the EU applicants. The human capital effect is sensitive to the construction of the education variable and to the sample. Finally, the market size, the geographic proximity and the privatization method explain a great part of bilateral FDI to the applicant countries.
Résumé La vision d’une Europe relativement homogène se modifie avec l’élargissement et le partenariat Euro-med. L’évaluation de l’insertion internationale des pays partenaires méditerranéens (PPM) montre que relativement aux nouveaux membres de l’Union élargie, les PPM connaissent une faible convergence réelle et structurelle. Les indices de Krugman et de Finger-Kreinin révèlent, qu’à l’exception de la Turquie, les pays méditerranéens sont complémentaires des pays de l’UE et demeurent très spécialisés dans des secteurs intensifs en main-d’œuvre ou en ressources naturelles. La faible efficacité des réformes structurelles et l’absence d’intégration Sud-Sud s’ajoutent aux insuffisances de l’accord de libre-échange lui-même. L’attractivité des PPM aux investissements directs étrangers demeure ainsi limitée alors que leur rôle est important pour leur rattrapage et le développement d’une spécialisation intra-branche. Classification JEL : F15, F21, O52, O55
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