ABSTRACT.Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of the exfoliation syndrome and its relationship with ocular and cardiovascular diseases in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey. Methods: This cross-sectional and population-based study was conducted at the Sivas Province among the population aged 40 years and over. The diagnosis of XFS was made when exfoliative material was found on the anterior lens capsule or iris on slit-lamp examination. The subjects were divided into an XFS group and a non-XFS group according to the presence of exfoliative material, and the groups were compared for the presence of glaucoma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, phacodonesis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, smoking and alcohol-use frequency. Results: XFS was present in 63 subjects consisting of 42 males (8.0%) and 21 females (3.6%) for an overall rate of 5.7% (95% CI: 0.054-0.060). Once we adjusted the values for age, we found a statistically significant relationship of increased age and male gender with the presence of XFS (p = 0.001, p = 0.027, respectively). The relationship between XFS and glaucoma, cataract and phacodonesis was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.001). No relationship was found between exfoliation syndrome and hypertension, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease. Conclusion: The prevalence of exfoliation syndrome was 5.7% in this population-based study. There was a statistically significant relationship between XFS and advancing age and male gender.

Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of exfoliation syndrome in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey and to evaluate its relationship with cardiovascular and ocular diseases. Methods. Patients over the age of 45 years who presented to the clinic were included in the study. All cases underwent a comprehensive ophthalmology examination. Exfoliation syndrome was diagnosed with the presence of exfoliative material on the lens anterior capsule or iris on slit lamp examination. The patients were divided into two groups as the exfoliation syndrome group and nonexfoliation syndrome group according to the presence of exfoliative material. Results. Exfoliative material was found in one or both eyes of 212 of the 2103 patients (10.1%) evaluated within the scope of the study. A significant relationship was found between exfoliation syndrome and increasing age and male gender. A significant relationship was found between exfoliation syndrome and glaucoma, cataracts, age-related macular degeneration, and phacodonesis. While no relationship was found between exfoliation syndrome and hypertension or diabetes mellitus, a significant relationship was found with coronary artery disease. Conclusion. The unilateral or bilateral exfoliation syndrome frequency was 10.1% in this hospital-based study. A statistically significant relationship was found between exfoliation syndrome and advancing age, gender, and coronary artery disease.

Amaç: Nüks ve primer pterjium olgularında limbal konjonktival otogreft tekniği ile yapılan ameliyatların sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Nisan 2011 ve Temmuz 2013 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde limbal konjonktival otogreft tekniği ile pterjium ameliyatı yapılmış ve en az 6 ay takip bulguları olan 49 hastanın 54 gözü çalışma kapsamında retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm hastalar aldıkları tedaviye ve primer/nüks olma durumuna göre; siklosporin A+hidroksipropilmetilselüloz kullanan nüks pterjiumlu olgular grup 1, siklosporin A+hidroksipropilmetilselüloz kullanan primer pterjiumlu olgular grup 2, siklosporin A+hidroksipropilmetilselüloz kullanmayan primer pterjiumlu olgular grup 3 olarak gruplandırılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilen 9 hastanın 11 gözü grup 1, 11 hastanın 11 gözü grup 2 ve 29 hastanın 32 gözü grup 3 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Hastaların takip süreleri grup 1'de 17±9,1 ay, grup 2'de 14,4±6,1 ay ve grup 3'te 13,2±7 ay olup toplamda ise tüm hastalar 14,2±7,3 ay takip edilmişlerdir. Grup 1'de bir olguda (%9,1) ve grup 3'te bir olguda (%3,1) olmak üzere toplam 2 (%3,7) olguda nüks geliştiği izlenmiştir. Gruplar arasında nüks sıklıkları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir (p=0,653). ÖzetObjectives: To evaluate the results of limbal conjunctival autograft transplantation in cases with primary and recurrent pterygium. Materials and Methods: A total of 54 eyes of 49 patients who were operated for pterygium with limbal conjunctival autograft technique between April 2011-July 2013 with at least 6 months of follow-up were retrospectively assessed. All cases were distributed into 3 groups according to the postoperative therapy and the primary/recurrent nature of pterygium: Recurrent pterygium with postoperative topical cyclosporin A+hydroxypropylmethylcellulose treatment were included in group 1, primary pterygium with postoperative topical cyclosporin A+hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were included in group 2, and primary pterygium without either topical cyclosporin A or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were included in group 3. Results: Eleven eyes of 9 patients were detected for group 1, 11 eyes of 11 patients for group 2, and 32 eyes of 29 patients were detected for group 3. Follow-up period was 17±9.1 months for group 1, 14.4±6.1 months for group 2, 13.2±7 months for group 3, and 14.2±7.3 months for all groups. Totally, two recurrences (3.7%) were observed as one case for both group 1 (9.1%) and group 3 (3.1%) during the follow-up period. The recurrence rate between the three groups was not statistically significantly different (p=0.653). Conclusion: Limbal conjunctival autograft technique is an effective and safe technique in excision of primary and recurrent pterygium. (Turk J Ophthalmol 2014; 44: 449-53)

Background: Several structural, vascular density and perfusion studies were conducted in type 1 and 2 diabetes, even in the absence of retinopathy. The current study is the first to compare macular vessel densities (VD) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) between maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) patients and healthy controls. Methods: The macular VD of superficial, deep retina, and choriocapillaris, and central macular thickness (CMT), foveal avascular zone area (FAZ), FAZ perimetry, VD of total retina at 300µm around the FAZ (FD), acirculatory index (AI) measurements were captured by the OCTA, which operates with built into software (RTVue-XR100-2 Avanti, Angiovue), and were compared between molecularly confirmed (GCK mutations) MODY patients and controls. Results: Twenty-five MODY patients and 30 controls were included. Mean plasma HbA1c level of the MODY group was 6.39±0.38 (min:5,4 max:6,9, %). Average age was 13.8±2.1 in the MODY group, and was 12.6±2.5 years among controls. There was no significant difference in terms of age, superficial and deep retinal VD, FAZ, FAZ perimetry, CMT, FD, and AI between groups. Significant increase of VD only at the parafoveal and perifoveal regions of choriocapillaris in the MODY group was observed (P=0.034 and P=0.009). Conclusion: No significant difference of macular VD was observed between non-retinopathic MODY patients and controls, except VD of choriocapillaris at the parafovea and perifovea. Previous thickness and VD results were distributed in a wider range suggesting not yet defined factors may be affecting the choroidal vasculature independent of glycemia or as a contributing factor.

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