Background:Self-immolation is a high risk behavior and a way of life termination. Self-immolation, as the most painful of all forms of suicide, is not a common form of suicide in European countries. However, it is highly prevalent in developing countries particularly in Asia and Africa.Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the rate and leading factors of self-immolation and gender, geographical distribution, and social norms of affected patients referred to Khatamolanbia Hospital of Zahedan from March 2010 to May 2012.Materials and Methods:This descriptive and objective-based study was cross-sectional and retrospective with 750 burn patients; 315 of them had attempted self-immolation and most of them died. The data collection tool was a two partite questionnaire consisting of 17 questions (8 questions about personal details and 9 questions about self-immolation factors).Results:350 self-immolations resulting in death were reported in this study; these subjects were 16-25 years old, 67.25% female, 63.55% elementary school education, 74.20% married, 69.10% housewife, 61.05% resident of Saravan, 93.35% oil burns, 72.30% middle and low social class, 90.20% burn over 68%, 20% psychiatric illness history and being treated with antidepressants, 73.25% verbal and physical violence before burning, and 100% of the burnings took place inside a house and usually during the afternoon.Conclusions:Due to the high rate of self-immolations in this area, solutions for improvement of life quality and social norms should be reviewed and implemented.

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Background:Reports show an increasing interest in spirituality. It has been revealed that people with spiritual tendencies, can better deal with a trauma, manage the stressful situations, and have greater improvement in their health condition.Objectives:Our aim was to examine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and resiliency, and the relation of these two variables with the withdrawal time of individuals treated with methadone.Materials and Methods:This research was conducted on patients referred to the addiction center of Baharan Psychiatric Hospital in Zahedan, Iran. Our sample included 100 referrals; they were provided with questionnaires and asked to answer them honestly. King’s spiritual intelligence questionnaire and resilience questionnaires were used.Results:There were significant positive correlations between resiliency and scores of spiritual intelligence as well as with subscales of spiritual intelligence. In addition, there were significant positive correlations between withdrawal time and scores of spiritual intelligence as well as with subscales of spiritual intelligence as well as with resiliency.Conclusions:Relationships between the spiritual intelligence and resiliency parameters with withdrawal time show that these parameters can have a role in relapse protection among addicted people.

Considering the importance of perceived level of temptation on treatment programs in substance users and the role of cognitive aspects, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of sense of failure and alexithymia on perceived temptation. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of sense of failure and alexithymia on the perceived temptation in substance users in Saravan [south of IR. Iran] was investigated. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 270 addicts living in addiction treatment centers in Saravan in the first four months of 2018 were selected by convenience sampling method. The Defeat Scale, the Alexithymia Scale, and the Drug Perceived Temptation Questionnaire-20 were used to assess variables. SPSS software version 22, Pearson correlation test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that there is a relationship between inactivity, sense of loser and satisfaction with temptation [r = 0.32, 0.51, - 0.46]. There is also a significant relationship between alexithymia, difficulty in identifying emotions, difficulty in describing emotions and objective thinking with temptation [r = 0.60, 0.51, 0.48, 0.30]. Based on regression analysis, alexithymia [R2 = 0.37] and sense of failure [R2 = 0.32] can negatively predict temptation. Based on the results of the study, considering the sense of failure, alexithymia, and receiving appropriate care can play an important role in reducing perceived temptation.