Objective: To compare the effectiveness of mirror therapy and motor relearning program for improving the upper limb motor function in stroke patients. Study Design: A randomized control trial with registration number IRCT20200316046791N1 (IRCT). Place and Duration of Study: Al-Noor Hospital and Al Jannat Medicare, Rahim Yar Khan Pakistan, from Jan to Jul 2020. Methodology: Sample size consisted of 30 patients recruited by convenient sampling. Patients were randomized into two groups. Both groups received 5 sessions a week for 6 weeks. Group A received Motor Relearning Program while the treatment of group B was Mirror Therapy. Motor part of Fugl Meyer Assessment was used as an outcome measure. Non parametric Friedman test was used for within group analysis, while for between group analyses Karuskal-Wallis test was used. Results: The total participants who suffer from left hemiplegia were 22 whereas the patients having right hemiplegia were 8. The mean age of participants in both groups was 53.80 ± 7.6 group A median (interquartile range) at pre-assessment was 5.00 (3) at mid-assessment median=15.00 (4) while at post assessment median was 25.00 (6). Group B median at baseline was 6.00 (4), at mid-assessment median=14.00 (9), post assessment median was 17.00 (13). Mid and post assessment comparison showed both treatments improved the motor function. Statistically the results were non-significant (p>0.005). Both treatments improved the motor function in stroke patients. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the effectiveness of Mirror Therapy and Motor relearning program in improving the upper limb motor function of stroke patients.

Background: Ankle fractures in diabetic patients have always been considered difficult injuries and previous studies in this field showed that the incidence of complication can be in the range of 32%3 to 42.3%6. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the outcome in ankle fractures in diabetic population and to find out reasons for any results contrary to previous studies. Methods: We performed a case control study comparing a group of 24 diabetic patients, with ankle fractures, with a group of 48 non-diabetic patients demographically similar for age, gender, type of injury, treatment provide and length of follow-up. In diabetic group 9 were treated conservatively and 15 had ORIF while in non-diabetic group 16 were treated conservatively and 32 underwent operative treatment. The diabetic and non-diabetic groups were followed up for mean periods of 50.3 months and 43.1 months respectively and on the conclusion of the study a clinic was arranged in April 2003 and the outcome was assessed according to the 100 point Maryland foot score. Results: In the diabetic group 4 patients while in the non-diabetic group 7 patients developed complications. None of the 72 patients in this study required further surgery. The mean Maryland foot score of diabetic group was 95.08 and that of nondiabetic group was 93.79. Conclusion: Our study shows that in the presence of optimal control of diabetes mellitus and careful patient selection for type of treatment, these lesions can result in an outcome comparable to non-diabetic patients with similar injuries (p = 0.086).

BACKGROUND Sedentary lifestyle has widely increased in people of all ages; in present era due to vast development in science and technology, mostly students prefer indoor activities which negatively influences their health. Sedentary lifestyle is not only a risk factor for non communicable diseases but it also causes several mental and psychological disorders which negatively affect the academic performance of students. PURPOSE To determine the relationship between light physical activity and academic performance in university students STUDY DESIGN AND SAMPLE SIZE Observational study and it consists of 178 participants. METHOD Closed ended Questionnaires were distributed among all participants, then the data was entered in SPSS 16 software and results were analyzed RESULTS Pearson Chi- Square test was applied to determine the co-relation between physical activity and academic performance. Correlation between light physical activity and academic performance showed non-significant results (p =0.39). CONCLUSION Correlation found between both variables was non-significant. However, physical activity has various helpful effects on mood and other fatal diseases. Keywords Physical Activity, Academic Performance, CGPA, University going Students, Sedentary Lifestyle, Exercise, Age

AimPatella tendinopathy is a common cause of knee pain in athletes, with limited treatment options once rehabilitation methods have failed. We conducted a double blind randomised controlled study to assess the efficacy of Autologous Blood Injections (ABI) against saline in patients with chronic recalcitrant patella tendinopathy.MethodsPatients with a diagnosis of refractory patellar tendinopathy were recruited between March 2010 and March 2012. Diagnosis was confirmed on ultrasound. All patients completed the Short-form McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), a visual analogue scale (VAS) and a VISA-P scale. Using two practitioners, patients were randomised to either receive autologous blood or saline injections. All patients were followed up for 12 months with repeat assessments.Results22 patients completed the final review at 12-months and were included in the study. Subjects ranged in age from 22 and 61 years and were randomised to 11 in each autologous blood (ABI) and saline groups. ABI group had a mean duration of symptoms of 16.7 months whilst that of the saline group was 19.2 months. The saline group mean VAS score was reduced from 7.9 to 4.5 at 1 month (p=0.003) and 3.3 (p=0.005) at one year. With ABI, the score was reduced from 7.5 to 4.5 (p=0.005) at 1 month and 3.1 (p=0.003) at one year. VISA-P, MPQ and VAS scores were all significant in both groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that both the ABI and saline groups experienced a significant improvement in symptoms. However, when the results were compared there was no statistical difference between the two groups. This research provided an argument that it is the tendon fenestration that provides the therapeutic effect rather than the substance being injected.