Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of surgical decompression and rehabilitation therapy in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disk herniation (IVDH).Materials and Methods:After surgery, physiotherapeutic rehabilitation was performed by a combination of electrotherapy, infrared therapy, training for standing, deep tendon reflex, and aquatic treadmill exercise. A total of 186 dogs were selected from the hospital records and included in two groups: the rehabilitated group (RG, n = 96) and non-rehabilitated group (NRG, n = 90). Dogs in each group were subdivided into three groups based on a pre-operative clinical severity grading system and those in grades 2–4 were included in this study. Post-operative neurologic functions, unassisted standing, walking, and the success rate of both groups were evaluated and comparedResults:Overall, 86.46% (83/96) of dogs had a successful neurologic outcome in the RG group, which was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than the NRG group 52.22% (47/90). Interestingly, the success rate differed when the preoperative grading system was considered. The success rates of grades 2, 3, and 4 were 97.14% (34/35), 97.33% (42/45), and 43.75% (7/16), respectively, in the rehabilitated groups, whereas in the non-rehabilitated groups, success rates were 82.35% (28/34), 51.85% (14/27), and 17.24% (5/29), respectively. The differences in success rates among the groups according to grading were 14.79%, 41.48%, and 26.51%, respectively, indicating that the proposed rehabilitation therapy is remarkably advantageous for increasing the success rate.Conclusion:Rehabilitation therapy after surgical decompression of thoracolumbar IVDH improves neurologic functions and increases the success rate, especially when the preoperative pathological condition is severe.

Objective: Postoperative complication of extramural ectopic ureters (EEUs) with persistent urinary incontinence (UI) is common in Siberian Huskies. This case report was aimed at reporting the successful correction procedure of EEU in Siberian Huskies by surgical procedure. Materials and methods: A three-month-old and weighing 7.9 kg Siberian Husky dog was presented with history of an acute dermatitis around the genitals, swelling of the genitals and dribbling urination. Abdominal radiographs, ultrasonography, and 3D computed tomography scanning revealed presence of the ectopic ureter with urinary incontinence. Ureteroneocystostomy was applied as the first choice of corrective procedure in this case, and clinical sings were corrected apparently after surgery. Unfortunately, UI with cystitis was developed two months postoperatively. To correct the condition, surgical procedure of colposuspension with ovarianhystectomy and cystopexy was opted. Results: Post-operative progression showed good prognosis and the dog recovered fully. Follow up checkup of the patient after 4 months postoperative and follow up phone call 27 months later did not reveal any abnormalities. Conclusion: This case report recommends surgical procedure of modified colposuspension following ureteroneocystostomy to correct EEUs and its postoperative complication.

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Objective: Bilateral ureteral calculi, hydronephrosis, pyometra, pyocolpos, vestibulovaginal stenosis, and imperforate hymen in a dog are uncommon and can be difficult to diagnose. The aim of this article is to report diagnostic challenges and successful surgical treatment of this rare event and the long-term outcomes. Materials and methods: A 5-year-old, spayed (partial ovariohysterectomy) female dog was primarily diagnosed with bilateral hydronephrosis and ureter obstruction due to urolithiasis along with pyometra. The urolith was removed carefully by the right-side ureterectomy, an appropriate ureteral stent was inserted from the bladder to the right kidney, and then, a vasectomy and hysterectomy were performed. The dog improved and was discharged. However, 50 days after surgery, pyocolpos due to imperforate hymen and vestibulovaginal stenosis were diagnosed and surgically corrected, and the ureteral stent was removed because the ureter had completely healed. Results: During the first admission, serum biochemistry results revealed the increased blood urea nitrogen (5.9 mg/dl), creatinine (116.2 mg/dl), amylase (1,345 U/l), and lipase (141 U/l) values. After surgical correction, all parameters returned to normal. However, 50 days after surgery, the C-reactive protein concentration (143 mg/l) and white blood cell level increased (18.4 × 10 9 /l). After a second surgical correction, the dog recovered fully within 10 days, and no postoperative complications were observed during the follow-up of 6 months. Conclusion: This report provides diagnostic assistance and surgical treatment options for a complex urogenital case. Careful examination during puberty is recommended to prevent the associated complications of this disorder.