The Pabna is one of the potential local cattle breeds in Bangladesh regarding milk production and its nutritive quality. The aim of the study was to know the effect of lactation length, parity and management on production performance and nutritional/physiochemical composition of the milk of local Pabna cows. Besides the regular milking, 15 days’ interval test day milking was recorded from 12 local Pabna cows with different lactation period (up to fifth month of calving) from BLRI Regional Station, Baghabari during January-September, 2018. In addition, 12 and 16 milk samples (200 ml/sample) were collected from the cows raised at BLRI Regional Station and the community of Dairy Development Research Project at Bera, Pabna district during June, 2018, respectively. Data were analyzed in an ANOVA of Completely Randomized Design and independent sample t-test, respectively, using SAS version 9.1.3 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) including Tukey’s HSD post hoc test to separate means. The average daily milk yield was significantly (p<0.05) higher during the first month (4.62 L) of lactation and the lowest value recorded at 5th month (3.50 L). Among the test days milking better yield observed at 15 days (4.79 L) of experimental lactation period (p<0.05). The effect of lactation stages and parity number had no significant variations (p>0.05) on nutrient compositions of local Pabna cows’ milk in both on-station and community. However, the overall characteristics of milk between on-station and community had significant differences on the composition of total solids (p<0.001), SNF (p<0.001), fat (p<0.01), and protein (p<0.05) where the highest values found as 14.81, 8.65, 6.17 and 3.53% at on-station, respectively. The first month of lactation observed as best milk producing period among the five months and the management system had positive association with milk composition of local Pabna cows. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2019, 5(1): 48-51

The objective of this study was to clarify the inside of socio-economic condition and cattle production scenario in few areas of Pabna district. Data of socio-economic condition of farmers, cattle population, genotype and overall management were collected from three villages at Bera upazila of Pabna district during August to September in 2017. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed following one-way ANOVA including descriptive statistics. It was observed that the age of farmers were average 42 years with 19 years of average farming experiences. Agriculture was found as primary occupation (47.37%) followed by house wife (15.79%) and animal husbandry (10.53%). Among the total livestock population, 52% (n=286) was cattle with different genotypes but the frequency of local Pabna cattle was highest (70%). About 79% cattle were reared intensively at home because the areas were surrounded by water. The average peak day milk yield (4.56 liters) of local Pabna cattle was significantly (p <0.001) lower than Holstein crossbred (7.43 liters). The cattle feeding system was mostly intensive (77%) followed by semi-extensive (23%) with 60%, 49% and 98% restricted feeding for straw, green grass and concentrate feeds in the studied households. The capacity building training of farmers including different farm oriented facilities would enhance a dairy development programme in those areas from local Pabna cattle which could contribute their socio-economic condition as well.

Objective: The present research work was undertaken with the objectives to investigate the prevalence and molecular detection of the causal agents of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in cows at milk shed areas in Sirajganj and Pabna districts, Bangladesh. Materials and methods: A total of 300 milk samples were randomly collected from Baghabari milk shed areas of Sirajganj and Pabna districts. The milk samples were subjected for California Mastitis Test (CMT) for identifying SCM. Total 81 positive samples were then used for the isolation and identification of associated bacteria and fungi using conventional microbiological examination and biochemical tests, followed by confirmation by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Besides, universal primers were used for amplification and sequencing of PCR products where specific primers were not used. Results: The overall prevalence of SCM was 51% (n=153/300). Based on bacteriological examination and biochemical tests, several bacteria were identified in this study; the orgnaisms included Staphylococcus sp. KEYWORDSAcinetobacter sp.; Cow; rfbO157; PCR; Proteus sp.; Salmonella sp. AFFILIATIONS

F or profitable and sustainable husbandry practices, accurate pregnancy diagnosis in cattle and buffalo has paramount importance. Optimum reproduction of buffalo is impeded by its delayed maturity, silent heat, irregular estrous cycles, seasonal breeding, anoestrus and long calving intervals (Mondal et al., 2007; Guraya, 1997), and a lot of slunk buffalo calves are found in slaughter houses. To improve the reproductive performances, scientists have established and practised several pregnancy detection techniques such as rectal palpation, radiography, ultrasound technique, and an assay of hormones and rosette inhibition test for buffaloes (Pawshe and Purohit, 2013). All these techniques need trained skilled personnel and also sophisticated laboratory equipment and procedures, which are beyond farmers' capacity. For these reasons, researchers are still working to find an economical, user friendly and door step technology for buffalo pregnancy detection. Punyakoti test, a seed germination inhibition test, was developed for pregnancy detection in human at ancient Egypt papyri, adopted by Veena and Narendranath (1993) with suitable modifications. Observing the germination inhibition percentage and reduced shoot length of wheat seeds early studies reported the techniques as a bioassay for pregnancy diagnosis in cattle and buffalo (Aswathnarayanappa et al.,

Cattle are affected by different types of parasitic diseases that can lead to economic losses to the farmers in terms of reduced growth and production performance and increased mortality. As such, this study was conducted at Animal Health Laboratory of BLRI regional station, Baghabari, Sirajganj to determine the clinical prevalence of various types of parasitic diseases in cattle of different age groups, sexes and seasons of a year. The data were collected during the period of July 2016 to June 2017 from the record book of AHL. Diagnosis of each faeces sample was done by direct observation, indirect smear and sedimentation method for the diagnosis of whole parasites, ova, larvae and cyst of enteric parasites. The total number of faeces sample was 701. It was observed that parasitic infestation was not affected by various body weight (p >0.05) but the age variation had significant differences (p <0.05) in infestation level. According to various parasitic loads multiple infestation observed (p<0.05) in those cattle having higher body weight. However, single infestation (Ascaria) identified in lower body weight (calf). In the Summer, single infestation found higher (44%) followed by double (32%) and non-infestation (17%). Similar patterns observed in Rainy, Autumn and Winter seasons of the studied feces samples. These data indicated higher percentage of single infestation in the tested samples followed by double parasitic loads. In addition, single infestation was higher in Autumn (54%) and Winter (59%) season while double parasitic loads found frequently in Summer (32%) and Rainy (37%) seasons. The frequency of Fasciola (21%) was observed the most followed by Fasciola + Paramphiastomum (13%) and Balantidium coli (10%) in the Summer. The frequency of Fasciola and Balantidium coli identified in similar pattern during Rainy, Autumn and Winter seasons. These data suggested that proper measure should be taken for those specific parasitic infestations in those areas from where feces samples were tested. In the tested feces samples of male and female 15.2% and 17.5% were found for Fasciola in both followed by Balantidium coli, respectively, 15.2% and 14.9% (Table 5). In case of double infestation of Fasciola & Paramphiastomum and Fasciola & Balantidium coli were 12.3% & 12.7% and 7.4% and 7.0%, respectively. This study will be conducted every year from now on and these large set of data can act as a guideline for farther research activities with parasitic diseases eradication and control of the surrounding areas of Baghabari.