The study is aimed to adapt the Online Gaming Addiction Questionnaire for university students. The research sample consists of 254 university students receiving education in Sakarya and İzmir provinces and playing online games. Three subscales, explaining 63.1% of the total variance, were obtained in compliance with the original scale via factor analysis. The analysis for criterion validity showed that, there is 59.7% positive correlation between the present research and that of Young's Questionnaire on Internet Addiction. Also, the scale's overall internal consistency coefficient was found as .93, and those of the "success", "inconveniences", and "economic gain" subscales were found as .93, .89, and .84 respectively. Application of test-retest resulted in a correlation coefficient of .86. The findings supported the validity and reliability of The Questionnaire on Online Gaming Addiction for University Students as a measurement tool.

The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between the exam anxiety level of middle school students, their academic expectations stress, and level of motivation to study lesson. The study group consisted of 364 (184 female and 180 male) 7th and 8th grade secondary school students. Three instruments were used for data collection; Academic Expectations Stress Inventory, Motivation to Study for Adolescences Scale and Exam Anxiety Scale. Exam anxiety was chosen as dependent variable while academic expectations stress and motivation to study lesson were set as independent variables. In the current study, the relationship between variables was examined by Pearson correlation coefficient and whether independent variables predict dependent variable or not was tested by multiple regression analysis. As a result of correlational analysis, a positive and significant relationship was observed between teacher/parental expectations, self-expectations, amotivation and exam anxiety. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation were not associated with exam anxiety. As a result of regression analysis, it was concluded that family/teacher expectations, self-expectations, amotivation, and extrinsic motivation significantly predicted exam anxiety.

Purpose Turkish Ministry of Health (MoH) has Health Transformation Program (HTP). The purpose of this program has been to modify the structure of the current system in order to enhance health system productivity, quality, and access in the Turkish health system. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach To measure the productivity, a data envelopment analysis-based Malmquist index approach was employed. Findings Results showed that the overall HTP have had a considerable positive impact on the productivity of general hospitals. Research limitations/implications The limitation is the availability of some data that might not be collected or reported to the MoH in Turkey. Practical implications This research’s findings will have an impact on reforming the health care system in Turkey to be competitive and efficient as possible. Social implications The research will have implication on reducing cost and provide value to the Turkish population. Originality/value This is one of the very few articles that targeted the efficiency of hospital system in Turkey.

Aim of this research is to examine the relationship between adolescents' subjective well-being and parenting style and smartphone addiction by several variables. The research population was composed of high school students studying in Kocaeli province in the academic year of 2017-2018. The sample was composed of 671 adolescents attending 6 different high schools which were randomly chosen out of this population. 313 (46.6%) of the participants are female, 358 (53.4%) of them are male. Relational survey model was used in the research. Data were collected using Personal Information Form, Smartphone Addiction Scale, Adolescent Subjective Well-Being Scale and Parenting Style Inventory. It was found in the research that participants' smartphone addiction levels did not differ statistically and significantly by gender, whether parents were together or divorced, and parental income. A negative significant relationship was found between academic achievement and smartphone addiction. According to the analysis results, as the smartphone usage duration extended, smartphone addiction level increased. The results of the analysis conducted to determine whether smartphone addiction was predicted by adolescents' subjective well-beings and the parenting styles (acceptance/involvement, psychological autonomy and strictness/supervision) showed that all variables other than parental acceptance were negative significant predictors of smartphone addiction. It was concluded that subjective well-being was the most important predictor of smartphone addiction.

The purpose of this research is to point out detail performance analysis of general teaching hospitals and investigate of the efficiency pattern of them. For this research, Data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach is used to evaluate the relative technical and scale efficiencies of general teaching hospitals. Clinical service quality development strategies must be developed to decrease hospital mortality. Hospitals must put a lot of numbers of the beds and nurses to serve more suitable scale sizes.