Kültürü yapılan yulaf (Avena sativa L. ve Avena byzantina Coch.), insan ve hayvan beslemesinde kullanılmakta ve mısır, buğday, arpa, çeltik ve darıdan sonra Dünya'da en fazla üretimi yapılan tahıldır. Yulaf taçlı pas (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae) hastalığı yulafın en yaygın ve ekonomik zarara yol açan hastalığıdır. Etmenin teliosporelarının uç kısımlarının mikroskop altındaki görüntüsü taç şekline benzetildiği için bu ismi almıştır. Yulaf taçlı pas hastalığı çok kurak bölgeler hariç dünyanın her yerinde yulaf (Avena spp.) yetiştirilen alanlarda epidemi yaparak %10'dan %40'a kadar verim kayıplarına sebep olabilmekte ve hassas çeşitlerdeki şiddetli enfeksiyonlarda üründe önemli verim ve kalite kayıpları gerçekleşmektedir. Yulaf taçlı pas hastalığının kontrolünde erken ekim, sık ekimden kaçınma (uygun ekim normu kullanma), aşırı azotlu gübreleme yapılmaması, alternatif/ara konukçuların yok edilmesi, dayanıklı çeşit kullanılması ve fungisit uygulamaları önerilmektedir. Etmenin eşeyli ve eşeysiz üremeyi kapsayan yaşam döngüsünden dolayı virülenslik ve agresiflik bakımından farklı periyotlarda yeni hastalık ırklarının ortaya çıkması hastalığa karşı mevcut dayanıklılık Derleme

In the study, B28 and Kunduru-1149 durum wheat genotypes were crossed as reciprocal in 2012-2013 cropping season. 13 (B28/Kunduru-1149 and Kunduru-1149/B28) reciprocal crosses were obtained and were used as materials at F5 stage. The cross combinations and the parents were screened with 10 DNA markers to determine alleles of gluten strength (Bx7 OE ), Yellow rust (Sun104, Xgwm18, Xwgp115 and Xgwm47), stem rust (Sun209 and Sun479), high protein ratio (UHW89), powdery mildew (Xgwm66) and leaf rust (Xgwm130). In the study, the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was calculated as 0.98 and the lowest PIC value was obtained from Xwgp115 marker with 0.96, while the rest of the markers had 0.99 PIC values. Stem rust resistance allele Sr49 was detected in B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_4 (Sun479) and B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_1 (Sun209) genotypes. One of the yellow rust resistance alleles Yr15 (Xgwm18) was detected in B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_2 and B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_3 genotypes, while Yr51 (Sun104) was identified in B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_3, B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_6, B28/Kunduru-1149_F5_7, Kunduru-1149/B28_F5_2 and Kunduru-1149/B28_F5_6 genotypes. A dendrogram was created to determine kinship of the individuals with the parents. The highest genetic similarity was observed between B28 / Kunduru-1149_F5_6 and Kunduru-1149 / B28_F5_2 genotypes with 0.714, while the most diverse ones were Kunduru-1149 and B28/Kunduru_F5_7 with 0.10.

Temperature is an important factor that affecting growth and development in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). This research was carried out at Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions having different altitude and temperature in 2012, after the hybridization which made in 2011. For this purpose, eight parents and their fifteen F1 hybrids which are obtained by Line x Tester used as a plant material in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In this study, the effects of Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions were examined on the number of day and degree-day units required for squaring, flowering, bolls opening and harvesting times as well as seed cotton yield, gin outturn, fiber fineness and fiber length. Results indicated that investigated properties, except fiber length were affected by Kahramanmaraş and Elbistan conditions. While genotypes were using less degree-day unit for the first squaring in Elbistan, have been used more degree-day unit in Kahramanmaraş for the first flower, boll opening and harvest times. But, genotypes have been used more day number for collect to degree-day units in Elbistan. For this reason, although genotypes which have 207.41 kg da-1 seed cotton yield in 195 days using 1593.5 °C degree-day unit in Elbistan, had been got 426.25 kg da-1 seed cotton yield in 157 days using 2480.1 o C degree-day in Kahramanmaraş. As a result, 1x4 F1 hybrids and Fantom for Elbistan, 1x5 F1 hybrids and Stoneville 468 for Kahramanmaraş are found very important.