How and in what ways do women participate in public life? What are the narratives that shape women's experience of public space? In this lecture, based on her newly published book, feminist sociologist Selda Tuncer explores women's everyday experiences of public space as well as how women interpret their experiences in modern Turkey. By focusing on the period between 1950 and 1980, when the Turkish modernization process had reached a mature phase, she provides a comprehensive historical understanding of women's lives and their experiences of public space. She analyses not only women's relationship with public space, but also gendered processes of nation-building, socio-cultural transformations, and the crucial connections between gender, modernity and the urban experience in the non-Western context.
ÖzKurumsal pratikler ve işleyişler her ne kadar cinsiyetten azade gibi görünseler de, her zaman toplumsal cinsiyet normları ve değerleriyle şekillenmektedir. Bu anlamda toplumda hakim olan cinsiyete dayalı eşitsizliklerin ve ayrımcılıkların üretimi ve uygulanmasında, kurumsal işleyişler ve örgütsel davranışların önemli bir rolü vardır. Bütün kurumsal yapı ve kültür inşa süreçlerine içkin olan toplumsal cinsiyet ideolojisi, kurumsal işleyişin bir parçası olarak doğallaştırıldığı için hem çok etkili hem de görünmez olur. Bu anlamda eğitim ve bilgi üretim kurumları olarak akademi ve özelde üniversiteler, toplumsal cinsiyetin doğallaştırılmasında en etkin işleyen yapılardan biridir. Bu makalede, Joan Acker'in toplumsal cinsiyetlendirilmiş kurum analizinden yola çıkarak, akademide yerleşmiş olan mesleki yapı ve kültürün, toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliğini ve ayrımcılığı nasıl beslediği ve bunu kendine özgü şekillerde nasıl üretip meşrulaştırdığı ele alınacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak, Dorothy Smith'in sosyoloji bilimine getirdiği feminist eleştiri tartışmaya dahil edilerek, akademinin sahip olduğu eril cinsiyet kültürünün özgüllükleri ve bunun kadınlar açısından ne tür dışlayıcı ve engelleyici sonuçları olduğu tartışılacaktır. Bu kuramsal tartışmalar ışığında, Türkiye'de tarihsel ve toplumsal olarak akademinin cinsiyet kültürünün nasıl geliştiği ve kadın akademisyenlerin niceliksel görünürlüğünün arkasında nasıl bir cinsiyetçi yapı olduğu incelenecektir. Bu bağlamda, akademide cinsiyetçiliğin bir yeniden üretim aracı olarak kurumsal işleyiş ve mesleki kültürün sürdürülmesinde belirleyici bir rolü olduğuna dikkat çekilerek, bunun kurumsal pratiklerle ne şekillerde gerçekleştirildiğine ilişkin hem Türkiye hem de farklı ülkelerden örnekler eşliğinde bir tartışma sunulacaktır. Bu tür bir çalışmayla, bugün akademide yaşanan ve son yıllarda hem dünyada hem de Türkiye'de giderek daha çok gündeme gelen cinsel taciz ve şiddet olayları başta olmak üzere cinsiyetçi ve ayrımcı pratiklere karşı yapısal çözümler üretmeye yönelik tartışmalara katkı sağlanması amaçlanmaktadır. AbstractAlthough institutional practices and operations look like gender-neutral, these are always formed by gender norms and values. In this sense; institutional operations and organizational actions have an important role in the creation and implementation of gender inequalities and discriminations that are already dominating the society. As the gender ideology, which is inherent to the construction of all the institutional structure and occupational culture, is being naturalized as a part of institutional process, it becomes very effective and invisible. In this sense; academy and specifically universities, as the institutions of education and knowledge production, are one of the most effective institutions in regards to the naturalization of gender. This article, through Joan Acker's analysis of gendered organizations, examines how gender inequality and discrimination is fueled and uniquely legitimized by the entrenched occupational structure and culture in the a...
Introduction Financial incentive schemes have been commonly used by the hearing aid industry as a way of encouraging device sales. These schemes can lead to a conflict of interest as the hearing device dispenser is torn between personal reward over the best interests of their client. This conflict of interest has the potential for the dispenser to develop “moral distress”, a negative state of mind when an individual’s ethical values contrast with those of the employing organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate if there was a relationship between financial incentives and moral distress in Australian audiologists and audiometrists. Methods An online survey was distributed to all members of Audiology Australia and the Australian College of Audiology via email. Participants rated their perceived moral distress from 0 to 10 on the Moral Distress Thermometer and answered four questions about financial incentives in their respective workplace. Results A total of 65 participants, 42 females and 23 males, completed the online survey. A quarter of participants rated their moral distress corresponding to levels of uncomfortable or above. A statistically significant association was found between financial incentives, sales target setting, and higher perceived moral distress in participants. Conclusions For our sample, the implementation of financial incentives created ethical challenges for practicing audiologists and audiometrists. Modifications to employee rewards programs as well as a regulation of device sales are recommended.
Despite worldwide interest in the history of the sixties—particularly in 1968—gender as a category of analysis has received little attention in the majority of academic research about them. Most national historiographies of ’68 have disregarded women’s political actions and their struggles with the gendered political culture. Like its counterparts, Turkey’s ’68 experience was also strongly gendered male. Given the underrepresentation of female historical agency and political subjectivity in the scholarship on 1968, this article aims to explore women’s accounts of Turkey’s ’68 experience with a particular focus on their struggles in leaving home and getting involved in political life.
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