Research and Development (R&D) is an activity that is considered to be able to increase the country's productivity. R&D activities can produce the latest technological findings supporting the output production process. This research uses the USA, China, Japan, Germany, and the UK as research objects or case studies with 1996-2018 observation years. These five countries are developed countries and are the top five countries with the highest nominal GDP in the world. The main objective of this study is to examine the role of R&D in economic growth as measured by GDP. The dependent variable in this study is economic growth (GDP). In contrast, the independent variables include the ratio of R&D spending to GDP, the number of patents, the number of workers, the ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP, and total factor productivity. By using the standard effect model, this study confirms that all independent variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in the five countries that are the research object. As for partially, the ratio of R&D expenditure to GDP and the number of patents does not have a positive and significant effect on economic growth.

High company risk can lead to wrong investor decisions, as it can reflect a high likelihood of company failure. Risk management becomes important to minimize the adverse impact of risks on company operations and increase company value for shareholder wealth. This research aims to examine the effect of risk on company value in the Textile/Garment industry on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The study used secondary data with a quantitative descriptive analysis method using STATA17 software. The sample size in this study was 18 companies. The results of the study proved that business risk has a significant negative effect on the value of Textile/garment industry companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The higher the business risk faced by a company, the lower its value.