Objective:Cancer, one of the principal causes of death, is a global social health problem. Autoantibodies developed against the organism’s self-antigens are detected in the sera of subjects with cancer. In recent years carbonic anhydrase (CA) I and II autoantibodies have been shown in some autoimmune diseases and carcinomas, but the mechanisms underlying this immune response have not yet been explained. The aim of this study was to evaluate CA I and II autoantibodies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to provide a novel perspective regarding the autoimmune basis of the disease.Materials and Methods:Anti-CA I and II antibody levels were investigated using ELISA in serum samples from 30 patients with AML and 30 healthy peers.Results:Anti-CA I and II antibody titers in the AML group were significantly higher compared with the control group (p=0.0001 and 0.018, respectively). A strong positive correlation was also determined between titers of anti-CA I and II antibodies (r=0.613, p=0.0001).Conclusion:Our results suggest that these autoantibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of AML. More extensive studies are now needed to reveal the entire mechanism.

7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a natural flavonoid compound that act as Trk-B agonist. 7,8-DHF is also a potent antioxidant. When applied systematically, 7,8-DHF can pass through bloodbrain barrier and exhibit potential therapeutic effects in several animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. This study investigates the remedial effects of 7,8-DHF on behavioral impairments and biochemical changes associated with aging with a species emphasis on cortex. For this purpose three experimental groups were formed which are young control group, old group and old-DHF groups. 5 mg/kg 7,8-DHF was administered intraperitoneally to old-DHF group for 3 weeks. We assessed the hang wire and adhesive removal performances of mice. Also, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and synaptic protein levels in the cortex were measured. We observed that chronic administration of 7,8-DHF improved behavioral performance of old mice. Besides, 7,8-DHF reversed MDA level which was increased in old control animals. However, 3 weeks application of 7,8-DHF failed to recover the levels of neuroinflammation markers (TNF-α and IL-6) and synaptic proteins (PSD-95 and Synaptophysin) which were reduced in old group. These findings demonstrate that improvement of age-dependent behavioral impairments and MDA levels by 7,8-DHF could be attributed to its antioxidant actions.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the value of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and PERK in predicting the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or post-CPR survival. Materials and Methods Non-traumatic out-of-hospital CA patients were included in this prospective, nested case-control study. Standard CPR and post-resuscitative care were applied. Levels of ER stress markers were measured at presentation and were investigated to determine whether they might constitute a marker predicting return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or sustained ROSC, and of 24-h, and 1 and 3-month survival. Results Fifty-two out of 99 non-traumatic CA patients were enrolled. ROSC was determined at a level of 25%, sustained ROSC at 23%, 24-h survival at 7%, and 1- and 3-month survival at 4.6%. No difference was determined in terms of ER stress markers between patients with and without ROSC or sustained ROSC. Only PERK levels were higher in surviving patients than non-surviving subjects in terms of 24-h survival (p = 0.01). Otherwise, no stress markers differed between surviving and non-surviving patients at any survival time point. Conclusion ER stress markers are of no value in determining establishment of ROSC or sustained ROSC, success of CPR, or survival. Only PERK levels may be valuable in terms of 24-h survival.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhages is an important emergency condition due to its high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and rapid intervention are very important to prevent poor clinical outcome of this disease. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the value of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the diagnosis and prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: Patients presenting to the emergency department and undergoing computerized tomography and/or lumbar puncture due to suspicion of subarachnoid hemorrhage were included in this prospective study. Based on the computerized tomography–lumbar puncture results, cases were divided into subarachnoid hemorrhage group and non–subarachnoid hemorrhage control group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were classified on the basis of severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage and were classified as good or poor clinical outcome groups based on Glasgow Outcome Scores. Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were then compared. Results: A total of 111 patients were evaluated due to suspicion of subarachnoid hemorrhage and diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 73) or without subarachnoid hemorrhage (n = 38). Cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were significantly higher in the subarachnoid hemorrhage group than in the non–subarachnoid hemorrhage group (p < 0.001) (median (25%–75%): 11.62 (2.64–68.04) and 2.26 (1.5–4.83), respectively). Serum glial fibrillary acidic protein levels of the subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with poor clinical outcomes were higher than those of subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with good clinical outcomes (p = 0.003) and cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein levels were similar (p = 0.379). Glial fibrillary acidic protein levels at the time of presentation exhibited a low level of correlation with Glasgow coma score, World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scale, Hunter–Hess Scale, Ogilvy–Carter Scale, Glasgow Outcome Score, and modified Rankin score. Conclusion: Cerebrospinal fluid glial fibrillary acidic protein levels may be a valuable diagnostic parameter at the time of presentation for diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage. And also serum glial fibrillary acidic protein levels may be useful in predicting subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with poor clinical outcomes.

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