Agnathia is a rare malformation characterized by

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a rare subset of germ cell neoplasm and occurs in approximately 1 in 35,000 live births. Most SCTs are benign, but about 20% are malignant. They originate from totipotent cells from Hansen's node or primitive germ cells, but the exact etiology remains uncertain. Antenatal diagnosis of SCT can be made by ultrasound. The fetus with SCT remains at high risk for perinatal complications and death. Perinatal mortality and morbidity are most strongly related to high-output cardiac failure because of arteriovenous shunting within the tumor, subsequent fetal hydrops, polyhydramnios, and preterm delivery. Recently we have experienced a case of immature SCT with hydrops and polyhydrmnios diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography at 21+5 weeks, resulted in stillbirth. We describe this case with a brief review of the literature.

Placental infarction is a localized area of ischemic villous necrosis, resulting from interruption in maternal blood supply. These have been associated with postterm pregnancies, maternal hypertension, and anticardiolipin antibodies. Most are due to thrombotic occlusion of an uteroplacental artery. But, infarction in the basal layer of the placenta is very rare and characterized histologically by massive deposition of fibrin. The etiology remains uncertain. However, it has clearly associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality including stillbirth, preterm birth, and intrauterine growth restriction. This condition has been diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography with hyperechoic areas along the maternal side, but extending through much of the placental tissue. Recently we have experienced a case of extensive infarction in the basal layer of the placenta diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography at 17 weeks, resulted in stillbirth. We describe this case with a brief review of the literature.Keywords: Infarction in the basal layer of the placenta, Stillbirth