Successful sustainability cannot be realized considering only environmental issues. Along with these, economic and social issues must also be considered in a balanced approach toward ensuring sustainability. In this study, the importance and performance value of factors related to these three issues as well as the gap between their importance and practical performance are investigated. In addition, correlations among these three issues are also examined by means of a survey of Korean contractors. According to data analysis results, there are large gaps between the importance and performance value of soft skill and long-term benefit factors. Moreover, it is found that balanced application with economic and social issues is more essential for sustainable development, even if environmental factors are revealed as quite effective. Environmental factors generally are closely correlated with economic factors, except for several social factors that have the strongest correlation with environmental issues. Hence, from the perspective of Korean contractors, a balanced application between important and tangibly performed factors as well as between environmental, economic, and social issues is essential for successful sustainability and not just the application of an isolated dominant factor.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) to implement integrated project delivery (IPD) systems in the Korean construction industry. Design/methodology/approach This study categorized potential CSFs and analyzed them using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis to choose the best ones based on responses from Korean construction experts. Findings In total, 29 potential factors were selected and categorized into 7 CSFs using factor analysis. Originality/value The outcomes of the study are useful as a reference for applying the IPD system in different developing countries and mid-sized construction industries.

16There is an increasing trend toward building energy-saving and zero-carbon-emission house 17 worldwide. Even if diverse sustainable technologies have been developed and adopted, existing 18 design strategies are decided intuitively by an expert's qualitative evaluation and not by objective, 19 quantitative design guidelines. The present study analyzes passive design elements (PDEs) from 20 existing sustainable housing projects as a method for quantitative evaluation. PDEs could be suitable 21 methods to house owner who does not have professional knowledge in construction of zero emission 22 house (ZEH). 23 Extracted PDEs are analyzed by an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine which PDEs are 24 applicable for limited budgets. Through the AHP, PDEs are re-sorted based on the order of importance 25 2 weight and predominant 7 PDEs are determined. Due to characteristic of passive house which 26 envelops the house from outside environment, PDEs would be applied before design of house 27 structure. Therefore predominant PDEs could be considered first when the zero emission house (ZEH) 28 is developed. The proposed sustainable design management (SDM) based on PDEs would be 29 profitable for decision-making during the schematic design phase, which is an important stage in 30 selecting suitable design elements in ZEH construction, because environmental engineer or consultant 31 could not be involved from early stage. With the utilization of SDM consisting of PDEs, potential 32 ZEH clients could easily launch their ZEH project without early involvement of sustainable expert. 33Taking account of energy consumption in residential sector, application of SDM has a significant 34 contribution for substantial carbon reduction. 35 36 House. 38 39 Humankind is currently facing an unprecedented challenge, global warming. The building 40 environment is one of the main sources of carbon emissions related to global warming [1]. Since 41 Gunter Pauli's advocacy of the zero-emission concept in 1994, various industries have followed the 42 zero-emission theory. The theory's principles also have been adopted in the construction industry as a 43 concept for a ZEH. According to Mohamed and Alistair [2], reducing the carbon emissions in the 44 housing sector would be an effective way to mitigate global warming. Lee and Burnett [3] also argue 45 that the building sector accounts for 31% of the total energy consumption worldwide, and the 46 residential sector accounts for over half of the energy consumption in the building sector. In detail, 47 according to European Environmental Agency [4], 12% of greenhouse gas emissions are generated 48 only in residential sector. 49 Numerous studies on reducing the carbon emissions have been conducted in the ZEH field. There is 50 mounting literature on the use of hybrid heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems as 51 one of the main parts of a ZEH [5-6]. Because of advances in technology hybrid HVAC systems are 52 now widely applied in the housing industry, from a single ho...

High-rise building projects (HRPs) are comprised of various complex design elements. The involvement of a multinational design team increases design-related issues for contractors, which must be managed during the construction stage. Thus, contractors need to understand how appropriate design management can positively affect project performance and their profit. Identification of critical design management factors (CDMFs) can provide appropriate decisionmaking support for contractors, including how limited resources including money, manpower, and equipment can be allocated throughout the construction stage. This study identifies and ranks the CDMFs for HRP designed by multinational design teams. Through a questionnaire survey in South Korea, 21 design management factors were acknowledged among 40 initial factors. Then, using

Pretensioned spun high strength concrete (PHC) piles are a commonly used type of pile, while approximately 60% of the pile's strength is only used in the design bearing capacity. Because of the limited support capacities of PHC piles, applying PHC piles to high-rise buildings or soft ground is inefficient. Extended end (EXT) piles are a new type of pile that can reduce the waste of pile strength and increase the ground bearing capacity. This study investigated the behavior of EXT piles through a field test and it was confirmed that the bearing capacity of the EXT pile is better than the PHC pile. The increased bearing capacity of EXT piles also influenced work duration and project cost.