The study aims to produce the e-learning physics of Newton's legal material to develop the critical thinking skills of high school students who have higher and practical validity rates. The model of development research used is Rowntree models. The evaluation phase used is Tessmer's formative evaluation consisting of four phases: Self evaluation, expert review, one-to-one evaluation, and small group evaluation. Data collection techniques using walkthroughs and polls. This level of e-learning validity is judged by three experts, namely in material aspects, learning design aspects, and e-learning aspects as well as data analysis using the Aiken V Index to determine the consensus of the experts. The results of the development of e-learning indicate that the resulting media is suitable for use in learning physics. This can be seen from the Aiken V index value of 0.94 with a high level of validity category. Meanwhile, one-to-one evaluation and small group evaluation are obtained by average result of 81.84% and 90.00% and also includes very practical category.

The science learning process at SMP N 1 Pejagoan is still teacher-centered. This causes students to be less active because the control of learning is centered on the teacher, as a result, students' learning motivation decreases. To overcome this, research was carried out through the development of study guides in the form of LKPD with a contextual approach based on flipbook. This study aims to determine the feasibility level of LKPD, determine student responses, and find out whether LKPD can increase students' motivation to learn science. This study uses the Thiagarajan 4D (Four-D Model) development model, consisting of four stages, namely the definition stage, the design stage, and the development stage. The dissemination stage was not carried out, this research was only limited to product feasibility tests and limited trials. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The sample in this study is class VIII A totaling 10 people. The collection technique used is a questionnaire and documentation. The results showed that: (1) LKPD with a contextual approach based on flipbook was feasible, judging from the percentage of LKPD eligibility 95.57% (very feasible), (2) student responses to LKPD were in the very good category, seen from the percentage of interest in LKPD 87.50% (very interested), and students' motivation to learn science using LKPD with a contextual approach based on flipbook was included in the high category, with a percentage of 82.81% (high motivation)

Learning is now gradually recovering from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic with the start of limited face-to-face learning. This makes educators need to innovate so that students still have independent learning. Less than optimal online learning causes students to be too passive when learning offline. To overcome this, research was carried out through the development of science module based on flipbook about physics in the respiratory system. This study aims to determine the feasibility level of the module, to determine the responses of students, and to find out whether the module can increase students' independence in science learning. This study uses the Thiagarajan 4D (Four-D Model) development model, consisting of four stages, namely the definition stage, the design stage, and the development stage. The dissemination stage was not carried out, this research was only limited to product feasibility testing. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The sample in this study is class VIII A totaling 10 people. The collection technique used is a questionnaire and documentation. The results showed that: (1) science module based on flipbook was feasible, judging from the percentage of the feasibility of the module 96.73% (very feasible), (2) student responses to the module were in the very good category, seen from the percentage of interest in the module 90.00% (very interested), and the students' independence in learning science using flipbook-assisted science modules were included in the high category, with a percentage of 86.25% (high science learning independence).

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There are many kinds of snacks offered at elementary schools. Snacks that offered or sold in the school area sometimes are not healthy snacks. The aims of this study to conduct the relationship of knowledge, attitude, and behavior about healthy snacks selection with health literacy at elementary school students in rural area. This study used a quantitative method with cross sectional approach. Data analysis used univariate and bivariate analysis using SPSS 22 software. Most of the respondents were 11 years old as many as 31 people (52%). Most respondents as many as 34 people (56.67%) have a high knowledge. Majority of respondents have a positive attitude as many as 60 people (100%), 34 respondents (57%) selected healthy snacks, 60 respondents (53.3%) get health information from the teacher at school. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior are related to the health literacy of elementary school students in rural areas (p = 0,000). Most students (32 = 53%) have health literacy insufficient. Counseling and discussion about health is needed, especially the selection of healthy snacks for elementary school students by health workers, school teachers, parents and the distribution of health information media, especially print media about the selection of healthy snacks.