This study aims to investigate the effects of different levels of royal jelly supplementation on biochemical parameters in swimmers. Randomly selected 40 male swimmers aged 18 to 25 years attending the same trainings were recruited. Swimmers were assigned to 4 groups each with 10 subjects. Varying amounts of royal jelly (2, 1 g and 500 mg) were given to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups and placebo (corn starch) to the 4th group. Participants were trained by swimming totally 20 km in 2 h on 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Resting blood samples were taken before royal jelly administration and after 30 days of application. Then biochemical analyses were performed. Different levels of royal jelly were found to be ineffective on glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels of the swimmers. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels increased after the training program, and BUN level was higher in the group receiving 500 mg royal jelly than those in the other groups. The increment in creatinine levels was higher in those groups receiving higher amounts of royal jelly after the training. A supplementation of 500 mg, 1 and 2 g/day of royal jelly throughout the 30 day-exercise program was not significantly effective in the swimmers. Also, due to its high amino acid content, BUN and creatinine levels tended to increase.

Background and Study Aim: Among products used as ergogenic substances by sportsmen, royal jelly and honey have attracted attention in recent years. This study was carried out to determine the effect of royal-jelly and honey mixture on weight lifting performances and some hormone test of athletes. Material and Methods: Randomly selected healthy 29 athletes, aged between 20 and 25 years, were divided into two groups. Placebo (corn starch) was given to the Control Group and 5 grams of royal jelly + 45 grams of honey mixture was given to the experimental group for eight weeks. After one week of weight adjustment workout; maximum weight (bench press, shoulder press, squat, deadlift and arm curl movements) that each athlete can lift was determined and hormones (Free T4, Free T3, Cortisol, Insulin, Total Testosterone and ACHT, TSH, Growth Hormone, Prolocatin, FSH, LH) were examined at pro-exercise, after four weeks of exercise, and after eight weeks of exercise. Results: As a result of the study, a statistical increase in the weights lifted in the bench press, squat, arm curl, deadlifts and shoulder press movements in the second and third measurements with respect to the first measurement was determined within both groups (p<0.001). While according to the hormone test results in placebo and experimental groups, there was no significant difference in free T3 , total testosterone variables intra-groups and inter-groups (p> 0.05), but there was significant difference in free T4 value in 2. measurements of groups (p = 0.030) and between the 2. and 3. measurements in the test group in the variable of insulin hormone (p <0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, it is thought that in young males performing maximal strength workout, royal jelly + honey supplement does not affect the increase in weight lifted, this increase is due to the weight training applied, but it causes some hormone changes.

Aim: It is known that endurance trainings increase physiological adaptations. However, knowledge on its effects on physical and motor performance is insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of 8-week continuous and interval endurance runs on physical and physiological performance in elite adults. Material and Methods: A total of 18 adult male athletes between the ages of 19-25, consisting of continuous runs (CR) n:9 and interval group (IG) n:9, participated in the study. While the continuous running group (CR) was subject to the continuous running method 3 days a week for 8 weeks, interval running method was used for the other group. Experimental research model, including pre-test and post-test, was used in the study. Body weight measurement, 20-meters speed, vertical and horizontal jump, cooper, balance, sit-reach tests were applied to the athletes participating in the study before and after the training program. Variance and homogeneity of the obtained data were tested, and Independent Samples t test and Paired Samples t tests were used in the analysis of the data. Results: After the interval and continuous running training programs, the change in body weight and Cooper test values before and after the interval training and continuous running groups were found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). It was observed that the changes in the standing long jump, speed, vertical jump, balance and sit-and-reach flexibility test values of the interval training group before and after the training were statistically significant (p<0.05) while the change in the continuous running group was not statistically significant. In addition, it was determined that there was a significant change in the balance post-test values in the interval training group compared to the pre-test values. Conclusion: As a result, it shows that the interval and continuous running training programs applied have positive effects on body weight and endurance, and when interval training and continuous running training programs are compared, interval trainings can be efficient in terms of balance, flexibility, vertical and horizontal jump, and 20-meters speed performances. Keywords: Endurance, Continuous runs, Interval Training, Motor Performance

Bu araştırmayla ÜNİKOP kapsamındaki üniversitelerin turizm fakültelerinde öğrenim görmekte olan öğrencilerin boş zaman etkinliklerine karşı tutumlarının belirlenmesi, boş zamanlarını nasıl değerlendirdikleri ve boş zaman etkinliklerine ne sıklıkla katıldıkları, boş zaman tutumlarında cinsiyet, sosyo-ekonomik durum, ailenin eğitim durumu, kalınan yer ve aile yaşam yerinin etkisinin olup olmadığının tespiti amaçlandı. Çalışmada, öğrencilerin boş zaman tutum düzeylerini ölçebilmek için "Boş Zaman Tutum Ölçeği", anket formu kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin demografik özellikleri hakkında bilgi toplamak amacıyla da "Kişisel Bilgi Formu" kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde %, ortalama, standart sapma analizlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Boş zaman tutumu farklılığını ortaya koymak amacı ile t testi ve ANOVA kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda anlamlı farklılığın ortaya çıkması durumunda, farklılığın hangi gruplar arasında olduğunu belirlemek için varyansların homojenliği kontrol edilmiş olup, varyansların homojen olması durumunda çoklu karşılaştırma testlerinden tukey testi, kullanılmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde ve yorumlarda, p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi dikkate alınmıştır. Kop bölgesi üniversiteleri turizm fakültesi öğrencilerin boş zaman tutumlarında demografik özelliklerden gelir, aile yaşam yeri ve baba eğitimine göre bir değişiklik olmazken anne eğitiminin bilişsel ve duyuşsal alanda anlamlı farklılık oluşturduğu bulunmuştur. Yine cinsiyetin öğrencilerin boş zaman tutumunu etkilediği kız öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre daha olumlu bir tutuma sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak KOP bölgesi üniversiteleri turizm fakültesi son sınıf öğrencileri rekreasyon faaliyetlerine katılımın başarılarını artırdığını, rekreasyonel etkinliklere katılım için yeterli boş zamana sahip olduklarını fakat bu boş zamanlarını yeterli düzeyde olumlu kullanamadıklarını, üniversitenin sunduğu boş zaman olanaklarını yetersiz bulduklarını ifade etmişlerdir.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of university students studying at Necmettin Erbakan University on their happiness level. For this purpose, 491 randomly selected students studying at Necmettin Erbakan University pariticipate as volunteer lyto the