In the Middle Volga region, alfalfa is the most widely used bean fodder. In recent years, one more bean crop is used -Fodder galega. The main disadvantage of almost all legumes is low sugar content and poor haylage making abilities. To eliminate this drawback, the biological product "Silostan" was developed. It is used as a preservative. The aim of the work is to study the effect of alfalfa and Fodder galega haylage made using the bio-preservative "Silostan" on milk production and quality of milk of black and white Samara cows. The use of Silostan increased the dry matter content by 5.2 and 4.5, ECEby 12.8 and 17.5%, and digestible proteinby 27.1 and 15,5%. The digestibility of dry matter increased by 3.85 and 4.38%, crude proteinby 5.68 and 5.42%, crude fatby 4.26 and 5.26%, crude fiber -by 3.86 and 4.07%. The use of haylage with bio-preservatives increased the yield of cows for 305 days of lactation by 14.6 and 16.5%. The MFF increased by 0.05 and 0.06%, MFPby 0.07 and 0.09%, respectively. The technological properties of milk improved, the milk consumption per 1 kg of ripened cheese decreased by 4.9 and 11.2%.

The main research objective was to study the influence of the hoof shape, hardness and elasticity of the hoofed horn on the cows’ productive use period duration in modern dairy complexes. The research object was black-motley cows, rejected due to limb disease. The shape of the hoof is divided into normal, with angle of 45-55о, sharp – less than 45о and obtuse – more than 55о. In the group of retired cows with the correct shape, there was 76% of animals. Studies have shown that 55.2% of cows had a hoof hardness 80-85 ShA, but the longest period of life was in animals with a score of 91 or more ShA, and the maximum lifetime milk yield with an indicator 86-90 ShA. Most of (61,6%) retired cows had an indicator of hoof horn elasticity 3,1-3,5×1010 Pa. Moreover, the highest rates of productive longevity were observed in cows with hoof horn elasticity 2,6-3,0×1010 Pa. Therefore, for further use, it is desirable to select animals having front wall inclination angle of the hoof 50-550, with hardness hoofed horn 86-90 ShA, and elasticity 2,6-3,0×1010 Pa.

In the Middle Volga region, galega orientalis is used as a promising fodder crop for the legume family. The main disadvantage of galega orientalis is poor silage due to the low sugar content in plants. To eliminate this drawback, Laxil and Silostan biologics have been developed, which are based on live cultures of lactic acid bacteria. The aim of the research was to study the influence of haylage from galega orientalis, prepared with the addition of biological preservatives to the green mass, on milk productivity and milk quality of Holstein cows. In the experimental groups, compared with the control, the quality of haylage, indicators of scar metabolism, digestibility of nutrients in the diet, milk productivity of cows and milk quality were studied. It was found that in 1 kg of silage of the experimental trenches, the contents of metabolic energy, digestible protein, crude fiber were higher. With the inclusion of silage in the ration, the number of bacteria, ciliates, the content of protein nitrogen, the proportion of acetic acid in the composition of volatile fatty acid (VFA) were increased in the rumen fluid in cows. Cows better digested the dry matter of feed, crude protein, and crude fiber. As a result, the yield of milk of cows for 305 days of lactation in terms of basic fat and protein was higher by 11.6-15.9%. The chemical composition and physical properties of milk have improved by all studied indicators.

The article studies the influence of the milk feeding method on the growth and development of calves. The object of research is newborn Samara black-motley calves. It was established that after drinking the first portion of colostrum, immunoglobulin appears in the blood of calves in 2 hours. Immunoglobulin enters the bloodstream in the first 12 hours of life. The highest content of immunoglobulin (23.40 mg/ml) was observed after 48 hours in case of free suckling. It exceeded that in peers fed manually by 6.7-8.9%. Depending on the feeding scheme and method, the heifers consumed 497.0-509.4 kg of milk for three months in case of manual feeding, 589.5 kg for two months in case of free suckling, and 540.3 kg in case of regulated suckling. The technology of milk feeding, the time spent with a mother, the amount of milk consumed had a significant impact on the health of calves. The degree of calf morbidity had a significant impact on the growth and development of young animals. As a result of a greater consumption of milk and large volumes of feed, heifers under regulated suckling had a larger live weight than their peers aged 18 months by 11.1% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group I), by 16.0% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group II), by 17.5% (P <0.001) (in comparison with the peers from group III), by 4.7% (P <0.05) (in comparison with the peers from group IV).

адаПтационные осоБенности молодняка мандолонГской Породы в условияХ самарской оБласти карамаев сергей владимирович 1 , доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Зоотехния» карамаева анна сергеевна 1 , кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры «Зоотехния» Бакаева лариса николаевна 2 , кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент, кафедры «Технология производства и переработки продукции животноводства» 1