Background: Epidemiological reports about dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in elderly people from developing countries are scarce. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalences of dementia and AD in a population of nursing home residents and senior center attendees of Durango City, Mexico, and to determine whether any socio-demographic characteristics from the subjects associated with dementia or AD exist.

BackgroundPregnant women exposed to lead are at risk of suffering reproductive damages, such as miscarriage, preeclampsia, premature delivery and low birth weight. Despite that the workplace offers the greatest potential for lead exposure, there is relatively little information about occupational exposure to lead during pregnancy. This study aims to assess the association between blood lead levels and occupational exposure in pregnant women from Durango, Mexico.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in a population of 299 pregnant women. Blood lead was measured in 31 women who worked in jobs where lead is used (exposed group) and 268 who did not work in those places (control group). Chi-square test was applied to compare exposed and control groups with regard to blood lead levels. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Multivariable regression analysis was applied to determine significant predictors of blood lead concentrations in the exposed group.ResultsExposed women had higher blood lead levels than those in the control group (4.00 ± 4.08 μg/dL vs 2.65 ± 1.75 μg/dL, p = 0.002). Furthermore, women in the exposed group had 3.82 times higher probability of having blood lead levels ≥ 5 μg/dL than those in the control group. Wearing of special workwear, changing clothes after work, living near a painting store, printing office, junkyard or rubbish dump, and washing the workwear together with other clothes resulted as significant predictors of elevated blood lead levels in the exposed group.ConclusionsPregnant working women may be at risk of lead poisoning because of occupational and environmental exposure. The risk increases if they do not improve the use of protective equipment and their personal hygiene.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3902-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Objectives To examine the relationship between occupation and blood lead levels in pregnant women of Durango, Mexico. Method A cross sectional study was conducted with 299 pregnant women. Information on occupation, risk factors and sociodemographic data was collected by means of a structured questionnaire. Blood lead concentration was tested by graphite furnace spectrometry. Women were divided into three groups according to occupation: working in places with potential source of lead exposure (exposed group), working in places without lead exposure (control group I), and non-working women (control group II). The X 2 test was used to assess statistical differences between the groups, and one way ANOVA was applied for comparisons. Logistic regression was performed using blood lead < 5 mg/dL or ≥ 5 mg/dL as dependent variable, and ajdusted for jurisdiction, income, gestational age, and abortions. Results Only 24(8%) women worked in places with potential source of lead exposure, 47(15.7%) worked in other places, and 228(76.3%) did not have a remunerated job. Mean blood lead concentration in the study sample was 2.79 mg/dL. However, blood lead ≥ 5 mg/dL accounted for 25% of exposed women, 2.1% of control group I, and 6% of control group II (X 2 = 13.04; p .001). Mean blood lead level was 4.24 mg/dL in the exposed group, 2.31 mg/dL in the control group I, and 2.74 mg/ dL in the control group II; those differences were statistically significant (0.001). Logistic regression confirmed that blood lead ≥ 5 mg/dL is associated with occupational exposure (p = 0.036). Conclusions Our findings suggest that surveillance for occupational exposure to prevent health damages during pregnancy is needed. 0243 SCREENING AND DISABILITY PREVENTION FOR MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS OF HIGH-TECH INDUSTRY WORKERS IN TAIWANYa-Yuan Hsu. Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Taipei, Taiwan 10. 1136/oemed-2014-102362.287 Objectives In Taiwan, 40-60% of the working population is affected by musculoskelet al disorders (MSD). MSD may lead to reduced productivity, decreased work ability, and even disability. The aim of this study was to describe the effects about occupational health medical team preventing and management of MSD. Method The design was prospective study describing the hightech industry workers screening and disability prevention for MSD. The quantitative analysis of the questionnaire was conducted through descriptive statistics and pair-t test in order to indicate the direction and relationship between the two sets of occupational health medical team intervention program. Results Of the 386 high-tech industry workers who completed the questionnaire. The use of pair-t test comparing two months of occupational health medical program, individual symptom scores significantly decreased 1.99 points to 6.12 points. The degree of functional subjects increased from 57% to 74%, a significant improvement. Work ability index before treatment was 38.49 to 39.36 points after treatment improved, particularly in the self-evaluation and self-ab...

the one with the highest prevalence of caries. Socioeconomic factors were not significantly related to molar caries disease; however, they were considered in the multivariate analysis together with other variables, which allowed us to find some of them significantly related to the ordinal variable dependent on the clune index, which is a indicator of dental caries disease. In addition, parental knowledge about caries was significantly associated with the frequency of the disease, so it is concluded that this factor allows reducing the prevalence of caries.