We monitored the cover and seed bank response of shrubs, perennial herbs, and ephemeral plants to experimental exclusion of both the principal rodent herbivore, Octodon degus, and its vertebrate predators from 1989 to 1994 in a semiarid Chilean mediterranean site. Although both richness and species composition of the plant community at the study site were largely determined by abiotic factors (mainly rainfall and soil nutrients), predator and herbivore exclusion had significant effects on the relative abundance of several plant species. Experimental exclusion of herbivores was associated with increased cover of some shrubs and a perennial grass, and decreased cover and seed densities of several ephemerals, especially those exotic or restricted to areas underneath shrubs. Herbivores apparently reduced shrubs through browsing and indirectly affected herb cover and seed densities by opening up areas under shrubs and/or modifying physical and chemical conditions of the soil. Plant responses to predator exclusion were less clear. Nevertheless, higher cover of some shrubs and ephemerals in the presence of predators suggests tritrophic effects through changes in small mammal densities and/or foraging behavior.
Se analizó la variación temporal de las PM10 durante el 2007 en Villahermosa, Tabasco. Los datos se recopilaron de la estación 10 automática de monitoreo atmosférico y del observatorio meteorológico de la ciudad. Con base en los datos horarios se calculó la variación diurna y la tendencia mensual; de los promedios diarios se determinó la tendencia con el día de la semana. Los máximos horarios de PM10 se presentaron a las 9:00 horas (en la época de secas con 52 μg/m3 y 45 μg/m3 en la época de lluvias) y a las 20:00 horas (en la época de secas con 50 μg/m3 y 48 μg/m3 en la de lluvias). Los domingos el nivel de partículas tendió a 36 en época de lluvias y 40 μg/m3 en secas. El promedio mensual más alto (56 μg/m3) se registró en mayo. La concentración máxima diaria en el 2007 fue 86 g/m3. La correlación mensual de las PM10 con la temperatura fue 0.59 y con la humedad relativa -0.89; en la correlación diaria fue de 0.39 y -0.44 respectivamente.
In this paper, an analytical stability model for quantum square-shaped extended source P-N-P-N tunneling field-effect transistor (P-N-P-N TFET) with silicon carbide substrate is developed that includes the effects of gate-source capacitance, gate-drain capacitance, effective gate resistance, time constant and transconductance. A nonquasistatic RF small-signal model has been used and stability that was extracted from analytical equations of its Y-parameters. The obtained analytical expression for stability is compared with device simulation results and excellent agreement is found up to 100 GHz. The stability performance of a quantum square-shaped extended source P-N-P-N TFET with silicon carbide substrate is also studied analytically considering pocket width and doping variation. The results strongly confirm that the proposed model is accurate and suitable for the quantum square-shaped extended source P-N-P-N TFET in the high-frequency regime.
La pandemia de COVID-19 ha generado mucha información que se ha abierto al público en general y para analizar su evolución espacial y temporal se han desarrollado herramientas emergentes. Este trabajo trata de herramientas como los paquetes 'covid19.analytics' y 'COVID19' desarrollados con el software estadístico 'R' y de aplicaciones web basadas en 'R' como 'COVIDiario', 'COVID-19 tracker', entre otras. Estas herramientas visualizan los datos en regiones de interés, facilitando la consulta y seguimiento a investigadores y autoridades de salud. También muestra visualizaciones de los datos en México y Tabasco con la meta de motivar el uso del software 'R'.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.