Embroidery is the process of transferring a pattern to the textile surface by sewing. Embroidery, which increases the value-added of the product with ornamentation technique, is indispensable for clothing manufacturers that particularly care about the brand image. With the development of computerized sewing machines, embroidery, which is a traditional ornamentation technique, can be performed using different methods and materials in multi-needle and multi-head embroidery machines. As a result of technological developments and the effect of fashion, embroidery has become an important field of ornamentation on textile surfaces, especially for industrial branches such as clothing, home textile and footwear.Since the primary aim of embroidery is pattern transfer, special attention has been paid to visual quality, while the quality factors related to usage have remained in the background. This research studies the effects of embroidery on clothing comfort in terms of embroidery parameters. Growing embroidery sizes, because of the reasons such as emphasizing the brand image and the fashion trends, enrich the product visually. However, growing embroidery sizes affect the physical and clothing comfort properties. In this study, the main two embroidery parameters, which add visual richness to the product, the embroidery stitch length and the weight of the fusing paper are used. The fusing paper increases the stability of the embroidery by remaining between the lower thread and the fabric. By using the same yarn on two types of fabric, single jersey and pique, the effects of embroidery stitch length and fusing paper properties on physical and thermal comfort properties are analyzed. As a result of this study, it has been observed that embroidery affects the clothing comfort properties of a garment. The increase in the weight of the fusing paper used and the increase in the needle penetration number affect the thermal behavior. As an outstanding conclusion, when the same fusing paper is used, the increase in needle penetration number relatively decreases the thermal and water vapour resistance, due to the increased number of needle holes.

Abstract. Sport is a necessary element for maintaining life in a healthier and more balanced way. There has been a rising trend of wearing sportswear in daily life besides sports. Developments in technology have raised expectations from sportswear. Individuals expect not only durability, design and being fashionable, but also demand performance and clothing comfort. This study aims to investigate university students' awareness while buying sportswear. Professional sportsmen from Physical Education and Sports School students and Textile Engineering students having technical knowledge about clothes are included in this study. 100 students from each group were interviewed face to face. Results showed that Textile Engineering students pay more attention to technical characteristics due to their knowledge, however, aesthetic properties are revealed to be another important factor affecting buying decision. Buying decision of Physical Education and Sports School students is expected to be positively affected if they are given a seminar about raw material properties.

The clothing industry due to the rapid changes in the technological and economical fields faces continuously new challenges like efficient machine and process settings’ changes for individual production orders for smaller quantities; increased product and materials variety and increased competitiveness through higher quality and lower production costs. Energy consumption is very important because, besides the varying costs (material, labour), the costs of energy are one of the key factors affecting the manufacturing costs, which is the main factor affecting the final price of the clothing products. It is well known that energy costs constitute 10–15 % of the overall manufacturing costs in the apparel industry. In the present study, the correlation of the various sewing parameters with the energy consumption and thus the energy costs are examined. In order to obtain this goal, a data collection system has been designed in order to meet the needs and the nature of the measurements. Sewing experiments were carried out on different samples using various sewing parameters and the consumption of the electrical power was monitored. Additionally, the measurements obtained during the experiments were sent and stored in a computer for the processing of the signals and their statistical evaluation.

In recent years, with the increase in global awareness of environmental problems, the term “sustainability” became more important for apparel manufacturers and consumers. Therefore, recycling of wastes plays a significant role in environmental sustainability by converting the wastes into raw materials. This study focused on recycled cotton-included fabrics, to evaluate the effect of these fabrics on thermal comfort properties. In this context, first, the 45% recycled cotton/55% polyester blended yarns and 50% virgin cotton/50% blended yarns were obtained. Afterwards, single jersey and rib-structured fabrics were knitted using these yarns. The thermal comfort tests were performed on the fabrics and four long sleeve rounded neck shirts then were manufactured using these fabrics to test by the thermal manikin method. Results showed that the yarns including recycled cotton led to a decrease in the values in air permeability of the fabrics and in the effective clothing insulation of the garments. In contrast, it was observed that, including recycled cotton increased the thermal resistance values of the fabrics.

The clothing industry due to the rapid changes in the technological and economical fields faces continuously new challenges like efficient machine and process settings’ changes for individual production orders for smaller quantities; increased product and materials variety and increased competitiveness through higher quality and lower production costs. Energy consumption is very important because, besides the varying costs (material, labour), the costs of energy are one of the key factors affecting the manufacturing costs, which is the main factor affecting the final price of the clothing products. It is well known that energy costs constitute 10–15 % of the overall manufacturing costs in the apparel industry. In the present study, the correlation of the various sewing parameters with the energy consumption and thus the energy costs are examined. In order to obtain this goal, a data collection system has been designed in order to meet the needs and the nature of the measurements. Sewing experiments were carried out on different samples using various sewing parameters and the consumption of the electrical power was monitored. Additionally, the measurements obtained during the experiments were sent and stored in a computer for the processing of the signals and their statistical evaluation.